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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/women-and-human-rights-lessons-from-pandemic/
课程评论：没有评论
课程名称：女性与人权 - 疫情教训 概述：本课程探讨女性应享有与其他个体相同的人权和基本自由。国际人权条约要求各国采取积极措施，确保法律尊重女性的人权，并消除对女性权利产生负面影响的歧视、不平等和做法。在国际人权法下，女性有权享受特定的额外权利，例如与生殖健康护理相关的权利。 在疫情期间，女性和女孩可能面临更大的照顾责任，增加了她们的压力，同时可能提高感染风险。全球范围内，女性占健康工作者的70%，包括助产士、护士、药剂师和社区卫生工作者，她们处于抗击疫情的前线，暴露于感染的风险中。因此，需要采取有针对性的措施来应对危机对女性和女孩的不成比例影响。 女性和女孩的权利是人权，涵盖生活的各个方面——健康、教育、政治参与、经济福祉以及免于暴力的自由等。女性和女孩有权全面平等地享有所有人权，并享受无歧视的保障，这对实现人权、和平与安全以及可持续发展至关重要。 《北京宣言和行动纲领》确认保护和促进人权是各国政府的首要责任，是联合国工作的核心。行动纲领将性别平等的实现坚定地置于人权框架内，并明确国家在履行承诺中的责任。 《联合国宪章》保证男女平等的权利，所有重要的国际人权文书均明确要求结束基于性别的歧视。几乎所有国家都已批准《消除对妇女歧视公约》（CEDAW），这一公约被称为女性国际权利法案。然而，今天世界各地区仍存在严重的差距和违规行为，进展令人失望，尤其是对于最边缘化的女性和女孩而言。 在许多国家，法律上的歧视依然存在，女性在政治上的参与未能与男性平等，并且在劳动市场和获取经济资产方面遭受明显歧视。针对女性和女孩的各种形式暴力侵犯了她们的权利，甚至常常夺去她们的生命。在某些地区，母亲死亡率仍处于不可接受的高水平。未支付的照顾工作量依然限制了女性享有她们权利的能力。
Women are entitled to enjoy the same human rights and fundamental freedoms as other individuals. International human rights treaties require State parties to take proactive steps to ensure that women's human rights are respected by law and to eliminate discrimination, inequalities, and practices that negatively affect women's rights. Under international human rights law, women may also be entitled to specific additional rights such as those concerning reproductive healthcare.Women and girls are likely to face increase caregiving roles in the home, putting them under additional stress and potentially increasing their risk of infection. Across the globe, women comprise 70% of health workers, including midwives, nurses, pharmacists, and community health workers on the frontlines, increasing their risk of exposure and infection. Targeted measures to address the disproportionate impact of the crisis on women and girls are needed.Women's and girls' rights are human rights. They cover every aspect of life - health, education, political participation, economic well-being, and freedom from violence, among many others. Women and girls are entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of all of their human rights and to be free from all forms of discrimination - this is fundamental to achieving human rights, peace and security, and sustainable development.The Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action confirm that the protection and promotion of human rights is the first responsibility of governments and core to the work of the United Nations. The Platform for Action firmly anchors the achievement of gender equality within a human rights framework and makes a clear statement about State responsibility in delivering on the commitments made.The Charter of the United Nations guarantees the equal rights of women and men. All major international human rights instruments stipulate ending discrimination on the basis of sex. Almost all countries have ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), described as the women's international bill of rights.Yet serious gaps and violations remain in every region of the world today and progress have been unacceptably slow, particularly for the most marginalized women and girls. Discrimination in the law persists in many countries. Women do not participate on an equal footing with men in politics. They face blatant discrimination in labor markets and access to economic assets. The many forms of violence directed explicitly towards women and girls deny them their rights and all too often their lives. Unacceptably high levels of maternal mortality continue in some regions. Unpaid care workloads continue to limit women's enjoyment of their rights.
