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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/type-1-diabetes-pharmacology-precaution-adoption-process/
课程评论:没有评论
本次课程名为“1型糖尿病与药理学:预防行为采纳过程”,旨在探讨糖尿病这一日益普遍的慢性疾病,特别是1型糖尿病,并通过预防行为采纳过程模型(PAPM)来理解和促进健康行为的改变。 **课程概述:** * **背景:** 糖尿病是全球性的流行病,生活方式的改变(如体力活动减少、肥胖增加)导致其发病率持续上升。课程区分了1型糖尿病(儿童期发病、自身免疫性、酮症酸中毒、急性发作、胰岛素依赖、消瘦)和2型糖尿病(中壮年发病、代谢性、与肥胖相关、非胰岛素依赖、起病缓慢)。 * **课程目标:** 课程将基于PAPM模型,该模型是一个基于阶段的理论,用于指导预防性健康行为的路径。它旨在阐明理解个体从认识到采取预防措施的过程中所经历的各个阶段。 * **核心问题:** 课程探讨了采取新预防措施或停止危险行为需要经过有意识的阶段。PAPM模型被应用于此类行为。因此,了解疾病随时间变化的历程至关重要,例如,1型糖尿病在21世纪是否真的在增加?增加的模式和原因是什么? * **课程重要性:** 课程强调了在医学分类中建立逻辑和统一基础的必要性。糖尿病,尤其是儿童糖尿病,是一个普遍的健康问题。本课程通过 představuje PAPM 模型,该模型认为行为改变是分阶段的,每个阶段都需要不同的信息和干预。 * **方法:** PAPM模型认为,人们在采取预防措施的过程中处于不同的阶段,需要有针对性的信息和干预措施。该模型并非提供一个固定的干预清单,而是一个识别阻碍阶段晋升的框架。 * **讨论:** PAPM模型包含七个阶段。尽管长期行为改变是理想目标,但阶段性地看待可以帮助理解各个阶段的障碍,从而提高行为改变的成功率。1型糖尿病的发病机制和自然史尚未完全了解,但可能涉及环境和遗传因素。 * **结果与结论:** 糖尿病可通过A1C、空腹血糖或口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)确诊。A1C 5.7%-6.4%被认为是糖尿病前期。处于维持和行动阶段的个体已改变行为,并且自我效能感(对自己能力的信心)可能基于经验而非仅仅是认知。阶段模型有助于识别不同阶段的关键障碍。 * **未来建议:** 胰岛素治疗的优化可以提高患者的生活质量,但目前的胰岛素替代疗法仍有待改进。课程建议进行随机对照试验以提供药物治疗的临床证据,并需要研究识别目标人群的外部障碍,以制定有效的干预措施。此外,对于儿童和青少年,频繁注射胰岛素可能难以坚持,因此需要新的技术来改进胰岛素替代疗法。 **关键词:** 1型糖尿病;药理学;预防行为采纳过程。
Background: Diabetes mellitus is actually one of the most popular chronic ailments in nearly whole countries, and persists to grow in significance and numbers, as variable lifestyles drive to decreased physical activity, and elevated obesity. Diabetes is actually of two kinds. Kind I is an autoimmune trouble of childhood, depicted by keto-acidosis, acute onset, insulin dependency, and thinness. Kind II is a metabolic trouble of middle-life, generally connected with obesity, non-insulin-dependent, and slow in beginning.The Aim of this Course: Diabetes may be determined based on A1C standard or plasma glucose standard, either the FPG or the 2-h PG measure after performing a 75-g OGTT. However, the PAPM a phase-founded model that determines phases along the path to preventative health action directed the study hypotheses and goals.Course Questions: Adoption of a modern precaution or cease of a risky behavior demands the deliberate phases unlikely to happen outside of conscious recognition. The PAPM utilized to these kinds of actions. It is thus essential to attain an obvious general review of the path the ailment has altered through time. Did childhood diabetes actually become more popular in the twenty-first century? If that is the case, where and when did the raise start? Is there a total manner to the raise? What conclusions can we sketch regarding its reasons?Significance of the Course: Physicians embrace a more relaxed situation, and a glimpse through a medicinal textbook soon detects that we require a logical, or indeed uniform, foundation for classifying ailment, or for sub-classifying an offered trouble. Our programs are pragmatic and focused around the instruments at our disposal, the presumptions we manufacture when we utilize them, and the usage we propose to do the definition. Diabetes mellitus is actually a popular chronic ailment that impacts kids. The present course depicts the PAPM, a stage method that demands to demonstrate the adoption of modern health-defensive behaviors. The model confirms that advancement toward behavior alteration is best demonstrated in expressions of a chain of qualitatively diverse stages.Method: The PAPM (and another phase models) propose that commune at various points in the procedure of precaution adoption conduct in qualitatively various tracks and that the kinds of information and interventions required to move commune closer to action differs from phase to phase. Owing to the truth that the PAPM is not contained of a shortened list of factors, it does not present a plain procedure for designing interventions. To some extent, it is a scope that can be utilized to identify obstacles that prohibit move from one phase to the next.Discussion: The PAPM contains seven phases. In spite of the truth that prolonged-term behavior alteration generally is required, a phase model scene increases the potential that even transient alterations may become steps in the right orientation, assisting us to grasp the obstacles at various phases and elevating the prosperity of subsequent behavior alteration trials. Awareness concerning the epidemiology of kind 1 diabetes mellitus has constantly become of attention amongst diabetologists. The natural history and etiology of Kind I diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent) are still not recognized but both environmental and genetics agents participate to the improvement of the ailment.Results and Conclusion: Diabetes may be determined based on A1C standard or plasma glucose standard, either the FPG or the 2-h PG measure after performing a 75-g OGTT. Hyperglycaemia, fasting and as determined via the oral glucose tolerance examination, is the passable means of explaining diabetes mellitus. However, it is logical to recognize an A1C extent of 5.7-6.4% as determining individuals with prediabetes case. Commune in maintenance and action have often altered their behavior and as well in these phases self-efficacy (confidence in skills) is probable based on expertise rather than realization.In fact, it would be unattainable to discover the function of a factor that might become crucial to commune leaving or reaching a particular phase-and thence pivotal to the precaution procedure-but not pertinent to other transitions. Phase methods propose that we will be preferable able to recognize essential obstacles if we compare commune who are in relative phases.Future Recommendation: The proper usage of insulin parallels permits commune with diabetes greater elasticity in the timing of snacks, meals, and practice, which in turn promotes their capability to drive normal lifetimes. Notwithstanding, current insulin-substitution regimens are away from ideal; to date, it is unattainable to reproduce normal insulin secretion.I think that there is a powerful demand to shift our surveys toward randomized controlled experiments to supply clinical proof of the efficiency of the pharmacological therapy of Diabetes in peoples. Research to decide perceived exterior obstacles among the target people is fundamental to grasp what kinds of interventions and training are required.Moreover, for some commune, particularly adolescents and children, a regimen for insulin injection four times or more every day may become so challenging that at minimum occasional fail is unavoidable. I thence look forward to modern shapes of technology that will assist develop insulin-replacement treatment.Keywords: Type 1 Diabetes; Pharmacology; and Precaution Adoption Process.