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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/profitability-analysis-copa-in-sap-s4-hana-controlling/
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**Coursera 课程总结：SAP S/4HANA COPA 盈利能力分析** 本课程深入介绍了SAP S/4HANA中的盈利能力分析（COPA）功能，这是一项强大的工具，能够帮助企业细致地分析不同市场细分（如客户、地区、产品等）的盈利能力。 **核心概念：** * **市场细分：** 它是分析盈利能力的基本单位，是由各种特征（Characteristics）组合定义的。 * **贡献边际：** COPA可以分析销售收入减去销货成本后的贡献边际，从而了解不同市场细分的盈利贡献。 * **两种COPA模式：** * **成本核算基础COPA (Costing Based COPA)：** 自动评估发票凭证，确定预期的销售扣除和成本估算。 * **账户基础COPA (Account Based COPA)：** 在总账科目过账时更新盈利能力分析，更加贴近财务会计。 **关键构成要素：** * **特征 (Characteristics)：** 用于分析盈利能力的数据维度，如客户、产品、地区等。每个操作系统（Operating Concern）最多可分配69个特征（50个非固定特征，19个固定特征）。固定特征如公司代码、业务范围，非固定特征如地区、产品组。 * **价值字段 (Value Fields)：** 代表关键的计量指标，如销售数量、折扣、返利等。价值字段仅在成本核算基础COPA中需要，每个操作系统最多可分配200个价值字段。 * **盈利能力分析计划：** 用于通过计划级别和计划包创建销售计划。 * **操作系统 (Operating Concern)：** CO模块下的最高组织单位，用于记录、跟踪和分析市场相关活动。操作系统和业务范围的年度变式必须一致。 **相关数据表：** * **CE1：** 实际行项目 * **CE2：** 计划行项目 * **CE3：** 汇总 * **CE4：** 细分 **特性推导 (Derivation)：** * 允许根据已知特征的值自动确定某些特征的值。 * 推导战略用于分配特征，推导类型包括：推导规则、表查找、移动、清除、用户出口/增强。 **记录类型 (Record Types)：** * **A：** 来单销售订单 * **B：** FI直接过账 * **C：** 订单结算 * **D：** 间接费用分摊 * **F：** 发票凭证传输 本课程为理解和掌握SAP S/4HANA中COPA的核心功能和应用奠定了坚实的基础。
Profitability AnalysisProfitability analysis enable us to analyze the profitability of market segments according to multiple characteristics like:· Customers· Regions· Products etc.Market segment is the level where we are going to analyze the profits. It is combinations of characteristics values.In profitability analysis we can analyze contribution margin (Sales - Cost of good sold) as per multiple market segments. Market segment can comprise of product and customer, customer and region, customer, and country etc.Costing Based COPAIn costing based COPA we can evaluate incoming billing documents to automatically determine projected sales deduction and estimated cost estimates.Account Based COPAProfitability analysis will be updated upon posting in general ledger account.CharacteristicsCharacteristics are the reporting dimensions where we want to analyze the profitability like customer, product, or region. Characteristics contain characteristic values, and they are defined at client level.Maximum 69 characteristics can be assigned to one operating concern. (50 - non-fixed and 19 - fixed).Fixed characteristics are company code, controlling area etc.Non-fixed characteristics are region, product group, customer group etc.Value FieldsValue fields represents the key figures like sales quantity, discount, rebate etc. Value fields are required only in costing based Copa. Maximum 200 value fields can be assigned to one operating concern.Profitability Analysis PlanningProfitability analysis planning is used for the creation of sales plan using planning level and packages.Operating ConcernOperating concern is the highest organizational unit in the controlling module which is required for profitability analysis. It records, tracks, and analyzes market related activities and we can do profitability analysis for the market segments.Fiscal year variant should be the same for controlling area and operating concern.TablesCE1: Actual line itemsCE2: Plan line itemsCE3: SummarizationCE4: SegmentDerivationDerivation lets us to find values for certain characteristics automatically based on known values of other characteristics. Derivation strategies are defined to assign characteristics. Derivation types are:· Derivation rule· Table lookup· Move· Clear· User exit / EnhancementRecord TypesA: Incoming sales orderB: Direct posting from FIC: Order settlementD: OH allocationF: Billing document transfer
