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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/powerofmontessori/
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**课程名称：蒙特梭利育儿的力量** **课程概述：** 本课程深入探讨玛丽亚·蒙特梭利博士的育儿哲学及其在现代教育中的应用。蒙特梭利博士，作为意大利最早的女性医生之一，通过对穷困儿童的观察，发现他们因感官剥夺而出现的行为问题。她认识到传统的医疗和教育方式不足以解决这些问题，因此将研究重心转向教育学、心理学和人类学。 课程追溯了蒙特梭利博士的教育历程，从她在罗马创立的“儿童之家”（Case Dei Bambini），到她的教育方法在国际上的迅速传播，特别是在20世纪初的美国。 与传统教育不同，蒙特梭利教育强调给予儿童自由，以促进其身体、智力和精神的全面发展。然而，这种自由并非无序，而是建立在秩序和自律的基础上。课程解释了蒙特梭利方法中存在的许多规则，例如禁止将活动材料带出教室或站立吃饭，这些规则旨在引导儿童建立良好的习惯。 课程对比了蒙特梭利教育与传统教育的差异，指出蒙特梭利方法的独特之处在于允许每个孩子按照自己的节奏学习，而非要求所有孩子同步学习。蒙特梭利教室的材料按难易程度有序地放置在架子上，儿童可以根据自己的兴趣和能力选择合适的材料。在此过程中，教师扮演观察者的角色，在孩子掌握材料后引入新的学习内容。 课程还强调了蒙特梭利教育中“儿童、成人和环境”之间的动态关系。环境被精心设计以激发儿童的兴趣，而成人则通过观察和调整环境来支持儿童的学习。 蒙特梭利博士认为，蒙特梭利教育的最终目标不是向儿童灌输知识，而是激发他们内在的学习欲望。本课程鼓励将蒙特梭利教育的理念和方法应用于家庭环境，通过设定规则和限制，为孩子提供探索和发现的机会。
Dr. Maria Montessori was one of the first female doctors in Italy in the late 1800s. she took care of the poor and children in the clinic where she worked. In one specific case she studied, she noticed that children were picking breadcrumbs because they suffered from sensory deprivation. To solve the problem Dr. Montessori began to educate children. She understood that medical education and medicines were inadequate for these children. Therefore, she gave her full attention to the philosophy of education, psychology, and anthropology. Later she was invited by the Italian state to open a nursing home in Rome for children whose parents were working. Finally, in 1907 she opened Case Dei Bambini (Children's House) to provide education to low-income children in Rome. It didn't take long time for her work to attract attention and be heard internationally. Montessori method of education had spread to United States in early 1900s and became very popular. Dr. Maria Montessori continued her studies in the field of education until her death in 1952. On the contrary to traditional education, Dr. Maria Montessori believes children needs freedom to develop their physical, intellectual, and spiritual parts. A freedom to be achieved through order and self-discipline is the must in Montessori philosophy. Contrary to popular belief, there are many rules in the Montessori philosophy that will benefit the child. For example, the child cannot take the presented activity outside the playground or eat standing up.Compared to traditional education, Montessori is the only approach that fits every child because in the traditional method every single child should learn at the same time. However, Montessori method allows children to learn at their own pace. Montessori materials are placed on the shelves in order from easiest to most difficult. so that each child works at their own pace with material that is relevant to their immediate interests. Meanwhile, the teacher is in the position of an observer. if the teacher thinks the child has mastered the material, he or she will incorporate the subsequent material into the training.While in traditional education only the adult affects the child, in Montessori education the child, the adult and the environment are in a dynamic relationship. The environment is arranged in such a way that the child can be interested, and the child learns in this way. The adult who regulates the environment observes the child and repeats the necessary adjustments.Dr. Maria Montessori argues that the purpose of the Montessori education is not to fill the child with real information, but rather to support his natural desire to learn.Montessori education and philosophy is not only to be applied in schools, but also in our homes we give our children specificities and set limits so that they can make discoveries.
