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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/periodicity-of-properties-properties-in-periodic-table/
课程评论：没有评论
**课程名称：** 元素周期表中性质的周期性 **课程概述：** 本课程旨在深入探讨元素化学和物理性质与其在元素周期表中的周期性变化的关系。通过分析周期（横行）和族（竖列）的性质趋势，学生将全面理解原子的行为。 课程首先介绍**原子大小**，重点阐述了原子半径在周期内随核电荷增加而减小，在族内随电子层增加而增大的规律。 接着，课程探讨了**屏蔽效应**——内层电子对价电子有效核吸引力减弱的现象。该效应在族内随着层数的增加而加剧，并影响了许多其他的周期性趋势。 **电离能**（从原子中移去一个电子所需的能量）是另一个重要章节。它受到原子大小和屏蔽效应的直接影响，在周期内随着原子序数增加而增大，在族内随着原子序数增加而减小。 课程还深入研究了**电子亲和能**（原子获得电子时发生的能量变化）。通常情况下，电子亲和能在周期内随着原子序数增加而更加负值（表示更强的电子吸引力），在族内由于屏蔽效应和原子尺寸的增大而负值减小。 最后，课程分析了**电负性**——原子在成键时吸引电子的能力。该性质同样遵循原子大小和核电荷的规律，在周期内随着原子序数增加而增大，在族内随着原子序数增加而减小。 通过丰富的视觉辅助和实例，学生将在此课程中建立起对这些周期性趋势及其在化学行为和反应性中意义的扎实理解。
This course explores the periodicity of chemical and physical properties of elements as they relate to the periodic table. By analyzing trends across periods (horizontal rows) and groups (vertical columns), students will gain a comprehensive understanding of atomic behavior. The course begins with atomic size, highlighting how atomic radii decrease across a period due to increasing nuclear charge and increase down a group due to additional electron shells. Next, we examine the shielding effect-the phenomenon where inner electrons reduce the effective nuclear pull on valence electrons. This effect becomes more pronounced down a group, impacting many other periodic trends.Ionization energy, or the energy required to remove an electron from an atom, is another key focus. It increases across a period and decreases down a group, directly influenced by atomic size and shielding. The course also delves into electron affinity, the energy change when an atom gains an electron. Generally, electron affinity becomes more negative across a period, reflecting stronger attraction for electrons, and less negative down a group due to increased shielding and atomic size.Finally, electronegativity-an atom's ability to attract electrons in a bond-is studied. This property also increases across a period and decreases down a group, following patterns established by atomic size and nuclear charge. Through visual aids and examples, students will build a strong foundation in understanding these periodic trends and their implications in chemical behavior and reactivity.
