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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/oncology-understanding-cancer-biology-diagnosis-treatments/
课程评论：没有评论
课程名称：肿瘤学：理解癌症生物学、诊断与治疗 课程概述：癌症生物学是一个快速发展的领域，新发现层出不穷。随着对癌症生物学的理解不断加深，我们应对这一疾病的能力也随之增强。癌症生物学研究癌症发展的生物过程，包括引发癌症的基因突变到癌细胞与其周围组织之间复杂的相互作用。通过理解癌症的特征，研究人员可以更好地制定战略来预防、诊断和治疗这一毁灭性的疾病。 癌症是全球面临的重大健康问题，其发生率令人关注。根据世界卫生组织的统计，2020年癌症导致近1000万人死亡，成为全球主要死亡原因之一。2020年，最常见的癌症包括乳腺癌、肺癌、结肠癌及直肠癌和前列腺癌。全球癌症负担持续增长，预计到2020年，新发癌症累计达1930万例，死亡人数为1000万。全球约每五人中就有一人在其一生中会发展为癌症，男性死于癌症的风险为八分之一，女性为十一分之一。 癌症发生的关键因素包括吸烟、高体重指数、饮酒、不足的水果和蔬菜摄入以及缺乏身体活动。主要癌症类型包括： - 乳腺癌：全球2020年新发约226万例，是最常见的癌症之一。 - 肺癌：新发病例约为221万，与吸烟和致癌物接触密切相关。 - 结肠和直肠癌：2020年新发病例约为193万。 - 前列腺癌：主要影响男性，2020年新发病例约为141万。 - 皮肤癌（非黑色素瘤）：2020年新发约120万例。 - 胃癌：2020年影响约109万人。 癌症的成因及风险因素包括：吸烟、肥胖、饮酒过度、饮食不均衡、缺乏锻炼以及某些感染（如人乳头瘤病毒和幽门螺旋杆菌）。 课程中将深入探讨细胞生长与分裂、细胞信号传导、DNA修复、肿瘤血管生成和转移等关键过程。这些过程的理解对于开发新的癌症疗法至关重要，例如针对特定信号通路或血管生成的药物，有助于阻止癌细胞的生长和扩散。此外，癌症生物学的研究人员也在致力于开发新型诊断工具，以便在癌症早期阶段进行检测，提高治愈率。 通过本课程，学员将获得关于癌症生物学的重要知识，理解癌症的复杂性，并有助于推动癌症的预防、诊断和治疗创新。
Cancer biology is a rapidly evolving field, and new discoveries are constantly being made. As our understanding of cancer biology grows, so too does our ability to fight this disease.cancer biology is the study of the biological processes that underlie cancer development. It's a vast field that encompasses everything from the genetic mutations that can initiate cancer to the complex interactions between cancer cells and their surrounding tissues.understanding the hallmarks of cancer, researchers can better develop strategies to prevent, diagnose, and treat this devastating disease the incidence and etiology of cancer.Cancer is a major health issue globally, and its incidence is a critical concern. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer accounted for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020, making it a leading cause of death worldwide1. The most common cancers that year were breast, lung, colon and rectum, and prostate cancers1.The global cancer burden has continued to grow, with an estimated 19.3 million new cases and 10.0 million deaths in 20202. It's reported that one in five people worldwide develop cancer during their lifetime, and the risk of dying from cancer is one in eight for men and one in eleven for women2.Key factors contributing to cancer incidence include tobacco use, high body mass index, alcohol consumption, low fruit and vegetable intake, and lack of physical activity.cancer types Breast Cancer: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers, affecting both men and women. In 2020, there were approximately 2.26 million new cases of breast cancer worldwide.Lung Cancer: Lung cancer ranks second in terms of new cases, with around 2.21 million cases reported in 2020. It is closely associated with tobacco use and exposure to carcinogens.Colon and Rectum Cancer: This type of cancer affects the large intestine and rectum. In 2020, there were approximately 1.93 million new cases globally.Prostate Cancer: Prostate cancer primarily affects men. It accounted for about 1.41 million new cases in 2020.Skin Cancer (Non-Melanoma): Skin cancer, excluding melanoma, had around 1.20 million new cases in 2020.Stomach Cancer: Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, affected approximately 1.09 million people in 2020.Causes and Risk FactorsTobacco Use: Around one-third of cancer-related deaths are attributed to tobacco use.High Body Mass Index (BMI): Obesity increases the risk of certain cancers.Alcohol Consumption: Excessive alcohol intake is associated with cancer risk.Diet: Low fruit and vegetable intake contribute to cancer development.Physical Inactivity: Lack of exercise is a risk factor.Infections: Infections from viruses (e.g., human papillomavirus) and bacteria (e.g., Helicobacter pylori) can cause cancer.Cell growth and division:Normal cells follow a tightly regulated process of growth and division. Cancer cells, however, escape these controls and divide uncontrollably.Cell signaling:Cells communicate with each other through a complex network of signaling pathways. Mutations in these pathways can contribute to cancer development.DNA repair:DNA damage is a normal part of life, but cells have mechanisms to repair this damage. When these mechanisms fail, mutations can accumulate and lead to cancer.Angiogenesis:Tumors need a blood supply to grow and spread. Cancer cells can promote the growth of new blood vessels to support their expansion.Metastasis:The ability of cancer cells to spread to other parts of the body is a hallmark of advanced cancer. Metastasis is a complex process that involves cancer cells detaching from the original tumor, invading surrounding tissues, and entering the bloodstream or lymphatic system.Understanding these processes is essential for developing new cancer therapies. For example, drugs that target specific signaling pathways or blood vessel growth can be used to stop cancer cells from growing or spreading.Researchers in cancer biology are also working to develop new diagnostic tools that can detect cancer at an early stage, when it is most treatable. These tools may involve identifying genetic mutations or other biomarkers that are specific to cancer cells.
