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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/oceanography-video-lecture-series/
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课程名称：从零开始学习海洋学 课程概述：本系列课程旨在教授海洋学的基础知识，帮助读者理解海洋科学的关键概念。我们将深入探讨一些专业水平的主题，包括埃克曼输送、海洋水体的性质、海洋盆地的形成、海洋地形、海洋沉积物类型、海洋养分以及气体在海洋深处的溶解曲线。此外，我们还将讲解厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）和印度洋偶极子（IOD）等与海洋大气现象相关的内容，这些是影响我们日常生活及数百万依赖海洋资源的利益相关者的重要因素。 海洋知识的获取曾经仅限于水面几英尺的深度以及一些浅水区的底部，关于海洋深处的知识几乎为零。19世纪中叶，英国皇家海军为绘制全球海岸线而进行的努力进一步强调了海洋深度的模糊概念。随着探索极地和非洲的兴趣激增，尚未探索的海洋之谜也随之浮现。1872年，英军的挑战者号（HMS Challenger）进行了第一次全球海洋研究考察。此行被认为是现代海洋学成立的重要事件，奠定了整个学术领域和研究学科的基础。在皇家学会的建议下，英国政府于1871年宣布了对世界海洋的探险及科学调查的计划。挑战者号在科学监督下完成了近70,000海里的航行，进行了492次深海测量、133次底部取样、151次水面拖网以及263次水温观察，期间发现了约4,700种新的海洋生物。 这些的调查成果最终汇编成《挑战者号探险科学结果报告》。穆雷（Sir John Murray）对这份报告的描述是“自15、16世纪以来，地球知识的重大进步”。他在爱丁堡大学创立了海洋学这一学术学科，并持续成为20世纪海洋研究的中心。穆雷首次研究了海洋沟，尤其是中大西洋脊，绘制了海洋沉积物的地图，并基于盐度和温度观察绘制了全球洋流图。 这是一个基础而全面的海洋学课程，适合希望深入了解海洋科学及其对地球及人类生活影响的学员。
Here in this series, we are teaching the basics of oceanography and letting all our readers know about the key concepts of ocean sciences. In the mean time, we are teaching such pro-level things like the Ekman transport, the properties of the ocean waters, ocean basin formation, ocean topography, ocean sediment types , ocean nutrients and the curves of the gases in the oceans as to how the gases get dissolved down the depth in the oceans. Moreover, we are teaching things like ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) which somehow are ocean atmospheric phenomenon and are key parameters that influence our day to day lives and livelihood of millions of stake holders directly or indirectly depandant upon the ocean resources.Since, Knowledge of the oceans was confined to the topmost few fathoms of the water and a small amount of the bottom, mainly in shallow areas. When Almost nothing was known about the ocean depths. The British Royal Navy's efforts to chart all of the world's coastlines in the mid-19th century reinforced the vague idea that most of the ocean was very deep, although little more was known. As exploration ignited both popular and scientific interest in the polar regions and Africa, so too did the mysteries of the unexplored oceans.HMS Challenger undertook the first global marine research expedition in 1872.The seminal event in the founding of the modern science of oceanography was the 1872-1876 Challenger expedition. As the first true oceanographic cruise, this expedition laid the groundwork for an entire academic and research discipline. In response to a recommendation from the Royal Society, the British Government announced in 1871 an expedition to explore the world's oceans and conduct appropriate scientific investigation. Charles Wyville Thompson and Sir John Murray launched the Challenger expedition. The Challenger, leased from the Royal Navy, was modified for scientific work and equipped with separate laboratories for natural history and chemistry. Under the scientific supervision of Thomson, Challenger travelled nearly 70,000 nautical miles (130,000 km) surveying and exploring. On her journey circumnavigating the globe, 492 deep sea soundings, 133 bottom dredges, 151 open water trawls, and 263 serial water temperature observations were taken. Around 4,700 new species of marine life were discovered. The result was the Report of the Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Murray, who supervised the publication, described the report as "the greatest advance in the knowledge of our planet since the celebrated discoveries of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries". He went on to found the academic discipline of oceanography at the University of Edinburgh, which remained the centre for oceanographic research well into the 20th century. Murray was the first to study marine trenches, and in particular the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and map the sedimentary deposits in the oceans. He tried to map out the world's ocean currents based on salinity and temperature observations, and was the first to correctly understand the nature of coral reef development.
