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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/megaloblastic-anemia-intro-clinical-features-management/
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课程名称：巨幼红细胞性贫血：简介、临床特征与管理 课程概述： 巨幼红细胞性贫血是一种宏细胞性贫血，属于血液疾病，发生在骨髓生成的干细胞产生异常大的红血球时。巨幼红细胞性贫血是一种维生素缺乏性贫血，主要由于缺乏维生素B12和/或维生素B9（叶酸）引起。医疗提供者通常通过补充维生素B12和B9来治疗这种贫血。健康的红血球在体内担负着从肺部将氧气运输到组织的重任。与所有血细胞一样，红血球起始于骨髓中的干细胞。维生素B12和维生素B9对红血球的形成至关重要。缺乏这些维生素时，身体产生的异常细胞叫做巨母细胞。巨母细胞分裂与健康细胞不同，导致骨髓中的红血球数量减少。这些异常细胞通常体积巨大，常常无法逃出骨髓进入血液中。即使它们进入血液，异常细胞的寿命也较短，早于健康红血球死亡。这些因素共同作用，减少了红血球的数量，引发贫血。 巨幼红细胞性贫血是一种严重的疾病吗？ 这类贫血的部分原因是维生素B12缺乏，若不及时治疗，将可能导致神经方面的问题，包括记忆丧失、平衡问题以及肢体的刺痛或麻木感。 巨幼红细胞性贫血常见吗？ 巨幼红细胞性贫血并不罕见。然而，医疗提供者目前还无法确切说明有多少人可能患有这种贫血。
Megaloblastic anemia is a form of macrocytic anemia, a blood disorder that happens when your bone marrow produces stem cells that make abnormally large red blood cells. Megaloblastic anemia is a type of vitamin deficiency anemia that happens when you don't get enough vitamin B12 and/or vitamin B9 (folate). Healthcare providers treat megaloblastic anemia with vitamin B12 and B9 supplements.Your body needs a certain amount of healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen from your lungs to your tissues and back again. Like all blood cells, red blood cells start as stem cells in your bone marrow. Vitamin B12 and vitamin B9 help form red blood cells. Without enough vitamin B12 or vitamin B9, your body produces abnormal cells called megaloblasts.Megaloblasts don't divide and reproduce like healthy cells, which means there are fewer red blood cells in your bone marrow. The abnormal cells are unusually large, so large they often can't get out of your bone marrow to move into your bloodstream. And even if they do make their way into your bloodstream, the abnormal cells die earlier than healthy red blood cells. Combined, these factors reduce the number of red blood cells, causing anemia.Is megaloblastic anemia a serious illness?Megaloblastic anemia is caused in part by vitamin B12 deficiency. Left untreated, vitamin B12 deficiency can cause neurological issues, including memory loss, problems with balance and paresthesia, which is a sense of tingling or prickling in your arms and legs.How common is megaloblastic anemia?Megaloblastic anemia isn't rare. Healthcare providers don't have enough information to say exactly how many people may have megaloblastic anemia.
