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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/medieval-italian-painting/
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课程名称：中世纪意大利绘画 课程概述：在意大利，教堂内部的墙面绘画延续了古典美学的传统，并在罗马式时期保持了这一传统。在第四次十字军东征后，拜占庭帝国陷入混乱，希腊和拉丁两种艺术风格之间的影响与交流，促成了二维艺术作品的新面貌，包括以图标为主的拜占庭传统和以壁画为主的拉丁传统。中世纪意大利绘画的最终遗产包括自然主义、对人体各个角度的表现、情感表达的强度以及新兴的光影技法（明暗对比），这些都为随后的文艺复兴的重大演变奠定了基础。 本课程分析了宗教绘画如何坚持拜占庭时代确立的正统类型，并探讨在这些晚期中世纪作品中图像的表现方式的不同之处。与以往“漂浮”的人物形象不同，人物如今被限定在坚实自然的地面线以上，呈现出更具真实感的形态。绘制的衣袍仍然是拜占庭画家喜爱的线性图案，但我们看到光与影之间的互动，使得固体身体的物质感在层层织物之下得以展现。某些工艺元素依然存在，并将作品与拜占庭和中世纪传统相连，金箔的使用依然丰富，木材上还使用了定型金属棒印刻出纹理，再填充金箔。这门课程涵盖了西方绘画传统的影响和基础，重点介绍意大利半岛主要艺术家乔托、奇马布埃、杜乔等人的发展与贡献。
In Italy, a tradition of painted walls on the interior of churches continued what had been the legacy of Classical aesthetics well through the Romanesque. With chaos in the Byzantine Empire after the Fourth Crusade, influences and exchanges between Greek and Latin approaches to two-dimensional artworks- icons, in the tradition of the former, or murals, in the tradition of the latter- led to distinctive new looks. Naturalism, a new interest in showing the human body from all angles, intensity of emotional expression, and the new use of light- chiaroscuro- to reveal the body's mass are some of the final legacies of Medieval Italian painting which anticipated the major evolutions of the Renaissance to follow. We see religious paintings cling to orthodox typologies established in the Byzantine era, but it is how the image is represented in these Late Medieval works that distinguish them from their predecessors. We no longer see "floating" figures, winged or not, occupying the upper register around the enthroned Madonna; they are more or less restricted to a groundline which remains firm and naturalistic. Painted robes repeat linear pattern so beloved by Byzantine painters, and instead, we see a play between light and shadow emerge and give sense of the physicality of solid bodies underneath layers of fabric. Certain elements of craftsmanship endure and continue to tie the work to the Byzantine and Medieval traditions. Gold leaf is still used abundantly, and the wood itself is stamped with shaped metal rods, creating texture through its indentations which were then filled with gold leaf as well. This course covers the influences and foundations of the Western painting tradition, with an emphasis on developments on the Italian peninsula by majors artists Giotto, Cimabue, Duccio, and others.
