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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/horse-colic-what-can-we-do/
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课程名称：马匹绞痛：我们能做什么 课程概述： 本课程深入探讨马匹绞痛，一种以腹痛为主要特征的疾病。我们将从严谨的医学定义出发，认识到绞痛是一个涵盖多种病因和严重程度的广泛术语。为了有效诊断和治疗马匹绞痛，兽医必须深入了解马匹消化道（GIT）的解剖结构、消化物质和体液在消化道内的生理运动过程，以及马匹对肠道内细菌内毒素的高度敏感性。 课程内容： 1. **马匹消化道（GIT）解剖学：** * 马是单胃动物，胃容量相对较小（8-10升），位于腹腔左侧。食管与胃的连接处具有瓣膜功能，允许气体和液体进入，但难以排出。异常的气体和液体在胃内积聚可能导致胃扩张甚至破裂。 * 食糜经回肠进入盲肠。盲肠是一个巨大的、末端封闭的发酵器官，位于马匹腹腔右侧，从腰部区域延伸至剑状软骨。盲肠长4-5英尺（1.2-1.5米），可容量27-30升的食糜和液体。盲肠肌肉的按摩作用将食糜与能够消化纤维的微生物混合，随后食糜通过盲肠结肠口进入右腹结肠。 * 右腹结肠分为盲囊状部分，有助于混合和保留粗纤维，直至其被消化。它位于腹腔腹侧，从 the flank region 到 the ribcage。 * 腹侧结肠向左弯曲形成胸曲（sternal flexure），然后成为左腹结肠。左腹结肠较大，环绕至左侧腹部靠近骨盆区域。 * 结肠直径在此区域显著减小，并折叠自身，形成骨盆曲（pelvic flexure），这是左背结肠的起始部分。由于直径的急剧减小，左腹结肠与骨盆曲的连接处是肠道梗阻最常见的部位。 * 背侧结肠有几个弯曲，如 the aromatic flexure 和右背结肠，这些是结肠直径最大的部分。右背结肠由短的褶皱与腹侧结肠相连，并与腹壁通过韧性的大网膜附件相连。 * 左腹结肠和左背结肠不直接附着于体壁，这使得这些部分的结肠容易发生移位或扭转。 * 食糜从右背结肠进入短而横行的横部门（transverse colon），其直径约为10厘米，并由强而短的肠系膜固定于腹腔最背侧。横部门位于 the cranial mesenteric artery 的颅侧。 * 最后，食糜进入循环且较长的降结肠（descending colon），长度为10-12英尺（3-3.6米）。 2. **生理过程：** 课程将涉及食糜和体液在消化道内的运动以及相关的生理机制。 3. **细菌内毒素：** 课程将强调马匹对通常存在于肠道内的细菌内毒素的极端敏感性及其造成的有害影响。
Hi, colic in its strict definition, the term colic means abdominal pain, over the year it has become a broadterm for a variety of conditions that causes the host to exhibit clinical signs of abdominal pain.Consequently, it's used to refer to condition of widely varying etiologists and severity. To understand theseetiologists, make a diagnosis and initiate appropriatecolic in horses. In its strict definition,the term colic means abdominal pain. Over the years, it has become a broad term for a variety of conditions thatcause the horse to exhibit colic and signs of abdominal pain Consequently, it's used to refer to condition of widelyvarying etiologies and severity. To understand this, etiologists make a diagnosis and initiate appropriatetreatment. Veterinarians must first appreciate the clinically relevant aspect of equine GIT anatomy, thephysiological processes involved in a movement of ingesta and the fluid along the IT tract, the extremesensitivity of the horse to the deleterious effect of bacterial endotoxin that normally exhibit within the lumenof the intestine.treatment, veterinarian must first appreciate a clinically relevant aspect of acquired GI anatomy.GI, the physiologic process involved in movement of ingesta and the fluid along the GI tract and theextreme sensitivity of the host to the deleterious effect of bacterial endotoxin that normally existswithin the lumen of the intestine.GIT Anatomy, hello everybody. The horse is amonogastric animal with a relatively small stomach capacity 8 to 10 liter that is located on the left side of theabdomen beneath the very cage The junction of the distal esophagus and the cardiac is functional When we evolvepermitting gas and the fluid to move into the stomach, but not out Consequently condition that in with the normal movement of gas Abnormal movement of gas and the fluid through the small intestine may result in severeDilation and the rupture of the stomach because of its position.GIT from the ilian the ingesta entered the seacom a lot of blind -ended fermentation that that is situated baraia mali on the horseright side extending from the region of the bara lumbar fossa tothe xiphoid cartilage on ventral midline the seacom is four tofive feet 1.2 to 1.5 meter long and can out say 27 to 30 liter offeed and the fluid under the influence of the secal musculaturethe ingesta in the seacom is massaged mixed with themicroorganism is capable of digesting silos and eventuallywhere he burst through the a seco colac omenin into the rightventral colon the attachment of the seacom to the dorsal bodywall is wide thus minimizing the likelihood where the seacomcan become displaced or twisted on its own the right ventralcolon is the divided into secalations that help mix and retainblunt fiber until they are digested it's located on the ventralaspect of the abdomen from the flank region to the ribcage theventral colon internet toward the left becoming the sternalflexure and is in the left ventral colon the left ventral colonwhich also is large and circulated past corollary to the left flankarea near the pelvic region the diameter of the colon decreasemarkedly and the colon fold back on itself this region which iscalled the pelvic flexure is the initial portion of the andcirculated left dorsal colon very simply due to the abruptdecrease in diameter the junction between the left ventral colon pelvic flexure is the most common location of infections the diameter of the dorsal colon is maximally either at its the aromatic flexure or at the right dorsal colon there are no circulation in the hybrid drift or right portion of the dorsal colon the right dorsal colon is closely attached to the right ventral colon by short fold and to the body wall by tough common mesenteric attachment with the veins of the cecum neither the left ventral nor the left dorsal colon are attached directly to the body wall allowing this portion of thevolume to become displaced or twisting and just moves from the large right dorsal column into the short transverse column which has the emitter of about 10 centimeter and is fixed firmly to the most dorsal aspect of the abdominal cavity by strong short fibrous mesenteric the transverse colon is located cranially to the cranial mesenteric artery finally then just entered the circulated descending colon which is 10 to 12 feet or 3 to 3.6 meter long
