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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/history-of-psychology-foundations-perspectives-systems/
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课程名称：心理学历史（完成证书） 课程概述：心理学作为独立学科的形成始于19世纪末，而它的早期历史可追溯到古希腊时期。17世纪，法国哲学家勒内·笛卡尔提出了二元论，认为心灵和身体是相互作用的两个实体，影响着人类体验。许多今日心理学家仍在争论的问题，如自然与养育的相对影响，根源于这些早期的哲学传统。那么，心理学与哲学有什么不同？早期哲学家依赖观察和逻辑等方法，而现代心理学家则采用科学方法来研究人类思维与行为。生理学也为心理学作为科学学科的出现提供了基础，早期对大脑和行为的生理研究对心理学产生了重大影响，从而推动了科学方法在研究人类思维和行为中的应用。 本课程展示了心理学的历史基础，以人物、思想和学派及其发展的时代精神为切入点。内容包括：历史基础；生理影响；机械主义精神；哲学基础；威尔赫姆·冯特；爱德华·铁钦纳；结构主义与功能主义；查尔斯·达尔文与进化论；弗朗西斯·高尔顿；赫伯特·斯宾塞与社会达尔文主义；威廉·詹姆斯；应用心理学与美国心理学的发展；动物心理学的先驱；华生、巴弗洛夫和桑代克；格式塔心理学；弗洛伊德与精神分析；以及新弗洛伊德主义者。课程还包含一些附加讲座，以扩展心理学视角的概念。 学习目标： 1. 识别心理学的历史及各种理论构造和体系。 2. 解释各种体系的组成部分，并运用批判性思维技能进行评估。 3. 根据视角和/或学派识别心理学中的新主题。 4. 识别与历史和体系相关的基本心理学概念和原则。 5. 认识到过去的历史/体系如何在现代心理学中得到应用。
While psychology did not emerge as a separate discipline until the late 1800s, its earliest history can be traced back to the time of the early Greeks. During the 17th-century, the French philosopher Rene Descartes introduced the idea of dualism, which asserted that the mind and body were two entities that interact to form the human experience.Many other issues still debated by psychologists today, such as the relative contributions of nature vs. nurture, are rooted in these early philosophical traditions.So what makes psychology different from philosophy? While early philosophers relied on methods such as observation and logic, today's psychologists utilize scientific methodologies to study and draw conclusions about human thought and behavior.Physiology also contributed to psychology's eventual emergence as a scientific discipline. Early physiological research on the brain and behavior had a dramatic impact on psychology, ultimately contributing to applying scientific methodologies to the study of human thought and behavior.This course presents the historical foundations of psychology. Information is presented in terms of people, ideas, and schools of thought as well as the spirit of the times that influenced their development. The following topics include: a historical foundation; physiological influences; the spirit of mechanism; philosophical foundations; Wilhen Wundt; Eduard Titchener; Structuralism vs Functionalism; Charles Darwin and evolution; Francis Galton; Herbert Spencer and social Darwinism; William James; Applied Psychology and the growth of American Psychology; pioneers in the influence of Animal Psychology; Watson, Pavlov and Thorndike; Gestalt Psychology; Freud and psychoanalysis; and the Neo-Freudians. Some bonus lectures are included to give a broader concept of psychological perspectives.Learning Objectives1. Identify the history and various theoretical formulations and systems in psychology.2. Explain the components of various systems and evaluate using critical thinking skills.3. Recognize new topics in psychology based on perspective and/or schools of thought.4. Identify fundamental psychological concepts and principles related to history and systems.5. Recognize how history/systems of the past may be applied in modern psychology.
