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课程名称：半导体基础 - 电子学的最佳入门 课程概述： 本课程为有意深入电子学的学习者设计，内容涵盖半导体的基本原理，从零基础开始逐步深入，帮助学员掌握电子学的核心知识。只需具备基础数学知识，您便可顺利学习。 课程内容大纲： A. 课程第一部分（建议入门） 1. 课程介绍 2. 粒子与波动二象性 - 电磁波 - 黑体辐射 - 德布罗意波 - 概率波 - 描述波动 - 相速度与群速度 - 箱中粒子 - 不确定性原理及其应用 3. 原子结构 - 核心概念 - 核心原子与电子轨道 - 原子光谱 - 波尔模型 - 能级与光谱 - 核运动与原子激发 4. 量子力学 - 量子力学基础 - 波动方程 - 薛定谔方程：时间依赖形式 - 线性与叠加 - 期望值与算符 - 薛定谔方程：稳态形式 - 箱中粒子 - 有限势阱 - 隧道效应 - 简谐振子 B. 课程第二部分 5. 半导体的晶体特性与一般信息 - 半导体基础 - 周期结构与立方晶格 - 平面与方向 - 钻石晶格 6. 半导体中的能带与载流子 - 半导体中的键合力 - 能带概念 - 金属、半导体与绝缘体 - 直接与间接半导体 - 合金组成对能带的影响 - 电子与空穴的有效质量 - 本征材料与外延材料 - 费米能级 - 平衡态下的电子与空穴浓度 - 温度对载流子浓度的影响 - 补偿与空间电荷中性 - 导电性与迁移率 - 温度与掺杂对迁移率的影响 - 高场效应与霍尔效应 - 平衡态下费米能级的不变性 7. 半导体中的过剩载流子 - 光吸收 - 发光现象 - 光致发光与电致发光 - 载流子寿命与光导电性 - 电子与空穴的直接复合与间接复合 - 稳态载流子生成与准费米能级 - 光导电器件及载流子的扩散与漂移 8. 接面 - P-N结的制造 - 平衡条件 - 接触势 - 平衡费米能级 - 接面的空间电荷 - 正向与反向偏置下的接面 - 反向击穿现象 该课程将为学员提供坚实的半导体基础知识，为进一步深入电子学领域奠定基础。
Our fundamentals of semiconductors course is designed for those who would like to move on with electronics. It starts from scratch and takes you to top level. So you do not have to worry about your level. All you need is basic Math Knowledge. You can find the curriculum of the course below ; A. First Part of the Course (Introductory but suggested)1-) Intro2-) Particle and Wave Duality- Electromagnetic Waves- Blackbody Radiation- De Broglie Waves- Waves of Probability - Describing a Wave- Phase and Group Velocities- Particle in a box- Uncertainty Principle - Applying the Uncertainty Principle3-) Atomic Structure- Intro- The Nuclear Atom- Electron Orbits- Atomic Spectra- The Bohr Atom- Energy Levels and Spectra- Nuclear Motion- Atomic Excitation4-) Quantum Mechanics- Quantum Mechanics- The Wave Equation- Schrödinger's Equation: Time Dependent Form- Linearity and Superposition- Expectation Values- Operators- Schrödinger's Equation: Steady- State Form- Particle in a Box (Yes, again)- Finite Potential Well- Tunnel Effect- Harmonic OscillatorB. Second Part of the Course 5-) Crystal Properties and General Info of Semiconductors- Semiconductors- Periodic Structures- Cubic Lattices- Planes and Directions- Diamond Lattices6-) Energy Bands and Charge Carriers in Semiconductors- Bonding Forces in Semiconductors- Energy Bands- Metals, Semiconductors and Insulators- Direct and Indirect Semiconductors- Variation of Energy Bands with Alloy Composition- Electrons and Holes- Effective Mass- Intrinsic Material- Extrinsic Material- The Fermi Level-Electron and Hole Concentrations at Equilibrium - Temperature dependence of Carrier Concentrations- Compensation and Space Charge Neutrality- Conductivity and Mobility- Drift and Resistance- Effects of Temperature and Doping on Mobility- High-Field Effects- The Hall Effect- Invariance of the Fermi Level at Equilibrium7-) Excess Carriers in Semiconductors- Optical Absorption- Luminescence- Photoluminescence- Electroluminescence-Carrier Lifetime and Photoconductivity- Direct Recombination of Electrons and Holes- Indirect Recombination; Trapping- Steady State Carrier Generation ; Quasi- Fermi Levels- Photoconductive Devices-Diffusion of Carriers- Diffusion Processes- Diffusion and Drift of Carriers ; Built in Fields8-) Junctions - Fabrication of P-N Junctions- Equilibrium Conditions- The Contact Potential-Equilibrium Fermi Levels- Space Charge at a Junction- Forward and Reverse Biased Junctions- Reverse Bias Breakdown
