French Painting of Napoleon's Empire and Beyond

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课程名称:拿破仑帝国及其后的法国绘画 课程概述:本课程将探讨十九世纪法国的漫长发展历程,以及新兴的独特绘画风格和其他艺术作品的崛起。我们将观察新古典主义、浪漫主义及东方主义如何反映拿破仑帝国的雄心、成就与想象,并且这些风格如何随着政治格局的变化而调整,包括波旁复辟、革命及法国共和国的建立。从大卫和安格尔到杰里柯和库尔贝,我们将追踪绘画所展示的概念及其如何为不同的政府与社会阶层服务;本课程将展示绘画中的图像学如何赋予皇帝与普通农民权力,塑造出这一决定性世纪的法国身份。 通过回顾十七世纪末至十九世纪初的各种风格,我们能够看到这一时期动荡的政治与社会历史的反映。法国在十九世纪经历了巨大的政治、社会与文化变革,拿破仑·波拿巴的帝国崛起,成为一位典型雄心勃勃的西西里将军,他曾一度实现了复苏罗马帝国的梦想,法兰西国成为其凯撒的版图。伴随着征服的雄心,是新古典主义在一种显著的帝国风格中的新注入,这种风格与其前身在动机和形式上有着明显的不同。拿破仑的帝国在十九世纪的欧洲舞台上,以艺术的形式展现为将这一传统典范与视觉上唤起罗马帝国的仪式感结合,同时也展示了拿破仑风格的独特,与被废黜的法国君主制的华丽传统截然不同。最终形成了法国绘画和雕塑新古典风格的一个新篇章。

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This course takes a look at the long arc of the nineteenth century in France and the rise of new distinctive styles of painting and other artworks. We will see how Neoclassicism, Romanticism, and Orientalism reflected the ambitions, achievements, and imagination of Napoleon's Empire and how these styles adapted in service to the changing political landscape to follow: the Bourbon Restoration, Revolution, and the foundation of the French Republic. From David and Ingres to Gericault and Courbet, we will chart the changing concepts of what accepted paintings could depict and how they could function for different governments and social classes; in this course, we will see how iconography in painting empowered an emperor and the common peasant in the emerging French identity of this decisive century. From the late seventeenth through the turn of the nineteenth century in France, we see a varied arc of styles reflect the turbulent political and social history of the era. France in the nineteenth century underwent great transformations in its political, social, and cultural histories; the rise of the empire of Napoléon Bonaparte, an archetypically ambitious Sicilian general who- for a time- realized his dream of a revived Roman Empire for a France in which he was Caesar. Hand-in-hand with his ambitions of conquest came a new injection of Neoclassicism in a marked Imperial Style which differed in motive and form from its predecessors from the Neoclassical style, derived from French academic Classicism, heralded by the tastemakers of Europe as the one best suited for channeling a sentiment of the noble and eternal. However, Napoleon's empire on the nineteenth-century European stage unfolded in art as the marriage of this very canonical, we might say ritualistic impulse to visually evoke the Roman Empire while at the same time to distinguish Napoleon's range as very different from the pomp of the deposed French Monarchy, with their own long-engrained traditions of Classical pomp. The result is its own chapter of the Neoclassical style of both French painting and sculpture.

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