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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/d-and-f-block-elements/
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**课程名称：** d- and f- block Elements **课程概述：** 本课程将探讨d区和f区元素，又称过渡元素。这些元素因填满3d、4d和5d电子层而得名，位于元素周期表中s区和p区之间，表现出从s区高活性金属元素（形成离子化合物）到p区元素（形成共价化合物）的过渡性性质。与s区和p区元素在最外层电子数递增不同，d区元素是其倒数第二层（次外层）的d电子数递增。过渡元素通常具有未填满的d轨道。锌族元素具有d¹⁰的电子构型，其化合物性质与其他过渡元素有所不同。d区元素包含三行十个完整元素周期和一行不完整的第四周期，该不完整周期的元素也将在f区元素的讨论中一并涉及。 **过渡元素的通性：** (i) 除室温下为液态的汞外，其余均为固态金属，具备金属的所有典型特征。 (ii) 与s区和p区元素不同，它们表现出多种可变的氧化态。 (iii) 过渡元素本身及其部分化合物表现出催化活性。 (iv) 过渡元素的化合物通常呈现出颜色。 (v) 过渡元素具有很强的形成配合物的倾向。 (vi) 它们容易形成合金和 the interstitial compounds (间隙化合物)。 **课程大纲：** 无
The series of elements, that are formed by filling the 3d, 4d and 5d shells of electrons, comprise the d-block elements. They are often called as transition elements because their position in the periodic table is between s-block and p-block elements. Their properties are transitional between the highly reactive metallic elements of the s-block, which form ionic compounds and elements of p-block which form covalent compounds. In s and p blocks electrons add to the last shell, in d-block electrons are added to the penultimate shell. Typically the transition elements have an incompletely filled d level. The zinc group has d10 configuration and compounds of these elements show some differences from other transition elements. The elements make up three complete rows of ten elements and an incomplete fourth row. The position of the incomplete fourth series is discussed along with the f-block elements.GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSITION ELEMENTS(i)Except for mercury, which is a liquid at room temperature all other elements are solid metals exhibiting all the characteristics of a metal.(ii) The show variable oxidation states unlike s and p block elements.(iii) They, and some of their compounds, show catalytic properties.(iv) Their compounds are colored.(v) They have great tendency to form complex compounds.(vi) They form alloys and interstitial compounds.
