|
所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/chemistry-atomic-structure/
课程评论：没有评论
**课程名称：** 化学 - 原子结构 **课程概述：** 本课程从放电管实验入手，介绍亚原子粒子的发现，并详细讲解了不同科学家提出的原子模型，包括： * **汤姆孙模型：** 提出原子是一个带正电的球体，其中嵌入了带负电的电子。 * **卢瑟福模型：** 通过α粒子散射实验发现了原子核。 * **玻尔模型：** 提出电子在具有固定能量的固定轨道上运动。该模型成功解释了氢光谱（包含赖曼、巴尔末、帕邢、布拉开和普伦德系列共5条谱线）。 * **德布罗意：** 提出电子具有波粒二象性，并给出了著名的德布罗意方程。 * **海森堡：** 提出不可能同时精确测定电子的位置和动量。 * **量子力学：** 讨论物质的二象性，并介绍量子数如何描述电子在轨道中的形状、自旋、取向和位置。 课程最后会介绍电子填充轨道的规则，包括： * **奥夫堡原理：** 电子按照轨道能量的递增顺序填充。 * **泡利不相容原理：** 两个电子不能拥有完全相同的四个量子数。 * **洪特规则（最大多重度规则）：** 电子填充同一轨道时，会先单独占据每个轨道，然后才自旋相同地成对填充。 **课程特点：** * 语言通俗易懂，适合所有学生。 * 内容循序渐进，易于理解。 * 旨在让化学学习变得有趣。 * 注重概念讲解，不包含习题练习。
This course starts with the demonstration of discharge tube experiments to discover subatomic particles followed by explanation of different atomic models proposed by different scientists.Such as Thomson model, Thomson said atom is a sphere of positive charge with negative charge embedded in it. Rutherford model, Rutherford performed alpha ray scattering experiment to discover nucleus in an atom.Bohr model, He said electrons are present in fixed orbits having fixed energy.Bohr could explain hydrogen spectra but it had some Hydrogen spectra consist of 5 spectral lines. These are Lyman, Balmer, paschen, Bracket and pfund series. De broglie proposed electron has dual character that is wave & particle character. He gave famous de broglie equation.Heisenberg said that it is not possible to determine position and momentum of electron simultaneously. Quantum mechanics deals with dual nature of matter. Quantum numbers give idea about shape, spin, orientation, and location of electron in an orbital. Finally we have some rules for filling orbitals with electrons. These are Aufbau principle, Hunds rule & Pauli's exclusion principle.Aufbau principle states filling of electron in orbitals takes place in the order of increasing energy of various orbitals.Pauli's exclusion principle states that no two electrons can have value of all the four quantum numbers same.Hunds rule of maximum multiplicity states that filling of electrons in a particular orbital take place only all orbitals are singly occupied with electrons in the same spin.Problems based on the content has not been taken in this course. The course is designed in such a way that every student can follow this course easily. Language is kept simple. Hope students purchasing this course find it useful & it makes chemistry learning interesting for the children.
