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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/biotechnology-gene-editing-techniques/
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**课程名称：** 生物技术：基因编辑技术 **课程概述：** 本课程深入探讨了自DNA双螺旋结构发现以来的分子技术飞跃，特别是基因编辑技术的最新进展及其在临床和实验室实践中的应用。随着测序平台的发展、对遗传装置微观机制的深入理解以及易于使用的纳米技术的引入，新一代科学家能够多层次地操纵遗传密码。 基因编辑技术本质上是通过删除DNA序列、mRNA处理和转录后修饰来改变DNA，从而影响基因表达，并最终改变蛋白质的功能。这些技术主要依赖于经过工程化设计以靶向特定DNA序列的核酸酶，它们能在DNA链上引入切口，从而实现删除现有DNA和插入替换DNA。 课程将详细介绍基因编辑技术的演变过程，包括早期技术，如核酸酶技术、同源重组和某些化学方法（如肽核酸）。随后，将重点介绍分子技术，如巨核酸酶、转录激活因子样效应物核酸酶（TALENs）和锌指核酸酶（ZFNs），并分析它们在基因组编辑方面的优势与局限，特别是其较低的特异性（脱靶效应）以及技术递送入宿主细胞的挑战。 课程的重点将放在最新的CRISPR/Cas9技术，并阐述其在效率、可行性和多重临床应用方面的巨大潜力。基因编辑技术的飞速发展也再次引发了对基因工程伦理问题的长期讨论，例如基因工程是否应用于治疗人类疾病，以及是否应改变诸如外貌或智力等性状。 **课程内容：** * 基因编辑技术的作用机制 * 不同基因编辑技术的优点 * 基因编辑技术的潜在副作用 * CRISPR/Cas9技术的最新进展 * 基因工程相关的伦理考量 **适合人群：** 对分子生物学、法医科学、医学实验室技术、生物技术和遗传学感兴趣的学生和研究人员。 **学习目标：** 掌握基因编辑技术的基本原理和前沿进展，了解其应用前景和潜在的伦理问题。
Over the last half century after post-DNA helical structure discovery, the world has seen a continuous staircase outburst of various molecular technologies, which are now heading forward toward translation into clinical and laboratory practice. Given the availability of sequencing platforms, acquired wisdom about the micro-mechanics at work within the genetic apparatus, and the introduction of user-friendly nanotechnologies, it was possible for next-generation scientists to manipulate the genetic codes at various levels.Principally, gene editing techniques can be interpreted as methods where DNA sequences are changed by deletions, mRNA processing, and post-transcriptional modifications to result in altered gene expression, leading to functional behavior of proteinsGene editing is performed using enzymes, particularly nucleases that have been engineered to target a specific DNA sequence, where they introduce cuts into the DNA strands, enabling the removal of existing DNA and the insertion of replacement DNA. The enormous knowledge and ongoing research have now been able to demonstrate methodologies that can alter DNA coding. The gene editing techniques evolved from the earlier attempts like nuclease technologies, homologous recombination, and certain chemical methods (peptide nucleic acid). Molecular techniques like meganuclease, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) initially emerged as genome-editing technologies.These initial technologies suffer from lower specificity due to their off-targets side effects. Moreover, from biotechnology's perspective, the main obstacle was to develop simple but effective delivery methods for host cell entry. The latest discovery of CRISPR/Cas9 technology seems more encouraging by providing better efficiency, feasibility, and multi-role clinical application. The significant leap in gene editing techniques brought new urgency to long standing discussions about the ethical concerns surrounding the genetic engineering. Many questions, such as whether genetic engineering should be used to treat human disease or to alter traits such as beauty or intelligence, had been asked in one form or another for decades. This course generally discusses the various gene editing techniques in terms of the mechanisms of action, advantages, and side effects.This course is a valuable resource for students and researchers related to molecular biology, forensic science, medical laboratory technology, biotechnology, and genetics. Start your learning journey now and explore the hidden truth about nature!
