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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/biology-principles-of-inheritance-and-variation-class-12-f/
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课程名称：遗传与变异的生物学原理（12年级） 课程概览： 本课程将涵盖遗传与变异的基础概念。 **遗传学** * 生物体能够繁殖，产生与自身相似的后代。 * 然而，后代通常与亲代并不完全相似。 * 研究遗传与变异的生物学分支称为遗传学。 * **遗传**是指性状从亲代传递给子代的**过程**。 * **变异**是指子代与亲代之间存在的**差异程度**。 **历史** * 人类早在公元前8000-公元前800年就已认识到变异源于有性生殖。 * 人类利用野生动植物的变异，通过选择性育种来选育具有理想性状的生物。 * 例如，对野牛进行人工选择和驯化，培育出了旁遮普的萨希瓦尔牛。 **遗传学的定义** * 遗传学是生命科学中研究**遗传（heredity）**和**变异（variation）**的分支。 * **遗传**是指性状从亲代向子代**传递**。 * **变异**是指子代之间以及子代与亲代之间的**差异**。 * **遗传性变异**：指由基因引起且可以**遗传**的变异。 * **环境性变异**：指后天获得的、**不能遗传**的变异。 **关键人物：格雷戈尔·孟德尔** * 被誉为“遗传学之父”。 * 格雷戈尔·孟德尔通过研究豌豆的七对遗传性状，发展出了遗传学原理。 * 尽管他的工作在他生前未得到认可，但已成为现代遗传学的基础。 课程还将深入探讨更多相关概念。
In this course we will learn about Brief concept of inheritance and variation Genetics • Organisms reproduce- formation of offspring of the same kind. • The resulting offspring most often do not totally resemble the parent. • Branch of biology that deals with the inheritance and variation- Genetics. • Inheritance- the process by which characters are passed on from parent to progeny. • Variation-it is the degree by which progeny differ from their parents. history • Human knew before 8000- 1000 B. C variation is due to sexual reproduction • Exploited variations present in wild plants & animals to selectively breed & select organism with desirable characters • Artificial selection & domestication of wild cow- Sahiwal cows in Punjab Genetics is the branch of life science that deals with the study of heredity and variation. • Heredity is the transmission of characters from parents to their offsprings. • Variation is the difference among the offsprings and with their parents. • Hereditary variations: These are genetical and inheritable. • Environmental variation: These are acquired and non inheritable. TerminologyGregor Johann Mendel: Father of Genetics • Known as the father of modern genetics • Gregor Mendel developed the principles of heredity while studying seven pairs of inherited characteristics in pea plants. • Although the significance of his work was not recognized during his lifetime, it has become the basis for the present-day field of genetics. and much more concepts.
