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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/basic-concepts-of-organic-chemistry/
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课程名称：有机化学基础概念 课程概述：本课程介绍了有机化合物在材料中的应用，包括衣物、燃料、高分子、染料和药物等。课程通过沃勒（F. Wohler）合成有机化合物尿素（urea）的案例，探讨了无机化合物氰酸铵（ammonium cyanate）的重要性和有机化学的基本理念。学员将学习如何利用特定的符号表示有机分子的三维（3-D）结构，包括使用实线和虚线表示分子与平面的关系。实线表示向观察者突出的键，而虚线则表示远离观察者的键。同时，平面内的键则用普通线表示。此外，课程还解释了有机化合物中常见元素，包括碳和氢，及其他如氧、氮、硫、卤素和磷等元素的存在。通过钠熔融提取物与铁（II）硫酸的反应，以及与浓硫酸的酸化，课程讲解了如何通过普鲁士蓝的形成来验证氮的存在。 课程大纲：无
Organic compounds appear in materials like clothing, fuels, polymers dyes and medicines. F. Wohler synthesised an organic compound, urea from an inorganic compound, ammonium cyanate.The three-dimensional (3-D) structure of organic molecules can be represented on paper by using certain conventions. For example, by using solid and dashed wedge formula, the 3-D image of a molecule from a two-dimensional picture can be perceived. In these formulas the solid-wedge is used to indicate a bond projecting out of the plane of paper, towards the observer. The dashed-wedge is used to depict the bond projecting out of the plane of the paper and away from the observer. Wedges are shown in such a way that the broad end of the wedge is towards the observer. The bonds lying in plane of the paper are depicted by using a normal line (-). 3-D representation of methane molecule on paper.The elements present in organic compounds are carbon and hydrogen. In addition to these, they may also contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, halogens and phosphorus. The sodium fusion extract is boiled with iron(II) sulphate and then acidified with concentrated sulphuric acid. The formation of Prussian blue colour confirms the presence of nitrogen. Sodium cyanide first reacts with iron(II) sulphate and forms sodium hexacyanoferrate(II). On heating with concentrated sulphuric acid some iron(II) ions are oxidised to iron(III) ions which react with sodium hexacyanoferrate(II) to produce iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II) (ferriferrocyanide) which is Prussian blue in colour.
