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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/atomic-physics-and-basic-quantum-theory/
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**原子物理与基础量子理论课程总结** 本课程深入探讨了原子结构和量子理论这两个核心物理领域。 **一、 原子物理部分：** 课程伊始，我们从玻尔的半经典原子理论入手，探讨了核质量修正及其与对应原理的联系。这一成功理论被广泛应用于解释原子线状光谱和中子的发现等重要物理现象。随后，课程进一步延伸至索末菲对原子光谱精细结构的修正。 在原子结构讨论的同时，我们还深入研究了原子的磁矩及其在外磁场作用下对原子光谱谱线分裂的影响。具体而言，我们详细讲解了强场作用下的正常塞曼效应和中场作用下的帕邢巴耳克效应。 **二、 基础量子理论部分：** 课程的另一重要支柱是基础量子理论。我们从波粒二象性出发，重点讨论了海森堡不确定性原理，并通过海森堡的思想实验进行了详细阐述。该原理被成功应用于解释电子不存在于原子核内的现象。 之后，我们介绍了新量子力学的基本公设，为后续的薛定谔波动力学奠定了基础。薛定谔方程的学习贯穿了量子力学连续性方程的讨论，以及对稳态的解释。此外，我们还学习了对易符、期望值等基本概念。 最后，课程涵盖了康普顿散射和黑体辐射的量子理论等重要内容。 **总结：** 本课程内容丰富，涵盖了原子物理和基础量子理论的关键知识点。无论是初学者还是进阶学习者，都能从中获得关于原子基本特征和量子理论基础的深刻理解。
In this content, we first discuss Bohr's semi-classical theory of atomic structure with correction for finite nuclear mass. After that, the theory was supported by Bohr's corresponding principle. This successful theory of Bohr was then applied in several cases as the explanation of atomic line spectrum, the discovery of the neutron,.etc. Lastly, the theory is extended to Sommerfeld's modification for explanation of fine structure of atomic spectra. Along with this discussion of atomic structure, we also studied about the occurrence of magnetic moment of the atom and the effect of external magnetic field on it regarding the splitting of atomic spectral line. In this context, we discuss Normal Zeeman effect for strong field interaction and Paschen Back effect for intermediate field interaction. At the beginning of the discussion of Basic quantum theory, we focus on Heisenberg's uncertainty principle through the detailed discussion of wave particle duality. This principle was also supported by Heisenberg's thought experiment. This uncertainty principle is then applied for an explanation of the non-existence of an electron within a nucleus. After that, the basic postulates of New quantum mechanics are discussed here before the development of Schrodinger's new quantum mechanics or wave mechanics. This Schrodinger equation was then applied in the equation of continuity in quantum mechanics and for an explanation of the stationary state. Apart from this, the basic idea about commutator bracket, expectation value.etc. are discussed here. Finally, in this content we discuss Compton scattering, quantum theory of black body radiation.etc. The students at the beginner's as well as in advanced level must collect this content to have the knowledge about the basic atomic features and the basic quantum theory
