|
所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/4000-years-of-storytelling-literature-for-beginners/
课程评论：没有评论
课程名称：世界文学：向大师学习 课程概述：如果人类是计算机，那么硬件是动物，而软件呢？我认为是故事。我们的身体在几千年里几乎没有变化，但我们的叙事方式却在不断演变。每一代新的故事会取代旧的故事。因此，人类与动物之间最大的区别在于我们讲故事的能力，以及相信虚构故事的能力。我们的硬件是猿，但我们的软件是叙事。 在本课程中，我将向您讲述文学的故事，涵盖长达4000年的叙事历史。到课程结束时，您将了解所有伟大的文学作品、文学运动，以及来自世界各地的一些杰出文学思想。在本视频中，将分为三个主要部分和11个章节。 第一部分，我将回答一个最根本的问题：为什么人类是唯一讲故事的物种？故事在我们的进化中有什么功能？我还将突出一些在历史上塑造我们讲故事方式的重要事件，以及过去4000年的文学运动。 第二部分，我将探讨叙事的起源及其与自然的根源。人类生活中最根本的事件是死亡或对死亡的意识。此部分将讨论关于死亡、战争、性和笑声的四个故事段落。换句话说，人们意识到死亡，因此第一个故事是关于生死的故事。接着，我们描绘战争，写下颂扬一个帝国的史诗。随着胜利而来的是对性和交配的故事，而浪漫成为叙事的重要主题。性带来了笑声，所以叙事也通过喜剧来娱乐我们。 第三部分，我们将从自然传说转向以人为中心的故事，当叙事与理性和人文主义相遇时。我们不再以神灵和自然为中心，人类开始主宰自己的命运。理性时代随后引发了浪漫主义的反启蒙运动，它将我们带回自然。接着是现实主义，普通人取代了国王或将军成为故事中的英雄。然后是自然主义，通过进化生物学来讲述故事。之后是现代主义，故事通过心理学来叙述。最后是魔幻现实主义，将我们带回早期人类的故事，神灵和恶魔再次干预我们的叙事。 第四部分，我们再一次从人文主义走向被称为后人文主义的领域。在这里，真理的叙述观念受到质疑。如果人文主义试图澄清并巩固人类是地球上唯一的神的观点，那么后人文主义和后现代主义部分由量子物理学推动，模糊了真相，即使在科技和科学的发展之下，或部分因为这些进步。 在本课程中，真正的英雄不是人类、恶魔或野兽，而是文学本身或叙事本身。人类的死亡催生了叙事，冲突为其提供了动力，性爱增添了风味，笑声使其反思。接着理性主导了叙事，通过物理现实、生物真理、心理深度，最后是量子魔幻思维。如今的文学似乎有些混乱，因为它质疑真理的叙述。可以说文学正在遭受老年阿尔茨海默症的困扰。那么问题是：文学与叙事能否在机器人时代生存？
If humans were computers, the hardware is animal and the software? I say stories. Our animal body has seen very little change in the last few thousands years, but our software has changed a bit. With each generation the narrative changes. New stories replace the older ones. So the biggest difference between humans and animals is our ability to tell stories. But also our ability to believe in fictional stories. So our hardware is ape but our software is storytelling.In this course, I will tell you the story of literature encompassing an incredible 4000 years of storytelling history. By the end of this video, you will know all the great works of literature, literary movements, as well as some of the most literary minds from around the world. The video has 3 major parts and 11 sections.In part 1, I will answer the most fundamental question. Why are humans the only species who tells stories? What functions do stories have in our evolution? I will also highlight some important events in history that shaped the way we tell stories, and the literary movements of the last 4,000 years.In part 2, I will look at the origin of storytelling and how it is rooted in nature. The most fundamental event in a human life is death or the awareness of it. So in this part, I will discuss storytelling in four segments each on the topic of death, wars, sex and laughter. In other words, humans woke up to the realisation of death, so the first stories are stories of mortality and immortality. Then we humans moved to wars and wrote epics that lamented the demise of an empire or celebrated their triumphs. Since the victors got the spoils and we moved to tell stories of sex and mating, romance became an important topic of storytelling. In other words, how boys meet girls. With sex came laughter, so storytelling entertained us through comedy.In part 3, we move away from nature-inflicted tales towards human-centred stories, as in when storytelling meets rationality and humanism. So instead of gods and nature, we humans became in charge of our own destiny. The age of reason also resulted in a counter-enlightenment movement of romanticism which took us back to nature. Then came realism, in which ordinary people became the heroes of stories, not some king or general. Then we moved to naturalism in which evolutionary biology became the window through which stories are told. This was followed by modernism in which we told stories through psychology. And finally magical realism which took us back to the early humans when gods and demons interfered with our stories.In part 4, we again move away from humanism into what's termed as post-humanism. Here the whole idea of truth telling is questioned. If humanism tried to clarify and solidify things that humans are the only gods on earth, posthumanism, and postmodernism partly fuelled by quantum physics, muddied the water so we no longer know what's going on, despite our scientific and technological advancement, or in some cases because of that.In this course, the real hero is not a human or demon or a beast, but the real hero is literature or storytelling itself. Human mortality gave birth to storytelling. Conflicts gave it its fuel and energy. Sex added flavour. Laughter made it reflective. Then came reason to dominate storytelling, through physical reality, biological truths, psychological depth, and finally quantum magical thinking. And today literature seems a bit muddled as it has questioned truth-telling. You could say literature is suffering from old-age Alzheimer. So the question is can literature and storytelling survive robots?
