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所在平台: Udemy |
课程主页: https://www.udemy.com/course/1-matter-in-our-surroundings/
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这是一门关于“我们周围的物质”的Coursera课程。 **课程概述** 早期印度哲学家和古希腊哲学家将物质归类为“五大元素”（Panch Tatva）：空气、土地、火、天空和水。所有有生命的和无生命的物体都由这五种基本元素构成。我们周围的事物形态各异，大小不一，质感也多种多样。宇宙万物都由一种物质构成，科学家称之为“物质”，例如空气、食物、石头、云、星星、植物和动物，甚至一小滴水。然而，像是快乐、爱、恨、思想、冷、热、疼痛等感知，在被感知时并不构成物质。 **核心概念** * **物质（Matter）**：任何占据空间并具有质量的东西都被称为物质，因此宇宙中的一切都是“物质”。例如：水、空气、金属、植物、动物等。 * **材料（Material）**：用来描述特定种类物质的术语，例如：木材、水和 Marble。 * **材料的类型**： * **均质材料（Homogeneous material）**：在整体上组成和性质都相同的材料。 * **非均质材料（Heterogeneous material）**：在不同部分组成和性质都不同的材料。例如，Marble 中可能存在灰白色和红色的其他物质颗粒。 **物质的分类（基于物理状态）** 物质可以根据其物理状态分为以下几类： * **气体（Gas）**：例如空气。 * **液体（Liquid）**：例如水。 * **固体（Solid）**：例如大地。 **课程大纲：** 无 **总结** 这门课程将带领学习者探索构成我们周围世界的物质，区分不同类型的材料，并理解物质最基本的物理状态——固体、液体和气体。课程强调了物质在哲学和科学观点中的基础地位。
Early Indian philosophers and ancient Greek philosophers classified matter in the from of five basic elements "Panch Tatva" - air, earth, fire, sky and water. All living and non living things are made of these five basic elements.In our surroundings, we see a large variety of things with different shapes, size and textures. Everything in this universe is made up of material which scientists have named "Matter" for example air, food, stones, clouds, stars, plants and animals, even a small drop of water. The perception of joy, love, hate, thought, cold, hot, pain does not constitute matter while we perceive.Material:- The term used to describe a particular kind of matter, is called material e.g. - wood, water and marble.Type of material:-(a) Homogeneous material:- A material which has same composition and same properties throughout, is called homogeneous material.(b) Heterogeneous material:- A material which has different composition and different properties in different parts is called heterogeneous material. For e.g. - In marble, presence of grey and red grains of other materials.Matter: - Anything which occupies space and has mass is called matter, so everything in the universe is "matter".Some examples of matter are, water, air, metals, plants, animals etc. The matter can be classified into different categories depending upon its physical or chemical nature(a) Matter is categorized as a gas, a liquid and a solid on the basis of physical state. For e.g. - Air, water, and the earth.
