Moral Foundations of Politics

所在平台: CourseraArchive 课程类别: 社会科学 大学或机构: Yale University（耶鲁大学） 授课老师： Ian Shapiro

课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/course/mofopo

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课程简介

This course explores main answers to the question, "When do governments deserve our allegiance?"

课程大纲

This eight week course will run from January 12 through March 9 and is divided into six themes:

        I.     Enlightenment Political Theory
        II.    Utilitarianism: Classical and Neoclassical
        III.   Marxism, Its Failures and Its Legacy
        IV.   The Social Contract Tradition
        V.    Anti-Enlightenment Politics
        VI.   Democracy

The syllabus below can help guide you through the course requirements. 

INTRODUCTION 

Monday, January 12: Information and housekeeping

Wednesday, January 14: Introductory lecture 

• Hannah Arendt, Eichmann in Jerusalem, pg. 21-55, 135-149 
  

I. ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL THEORY

Friday, January 16: Natural law roots of the enlightenment 

• John Locke, First Treatise of Government, Chs, 1-2, 9 (up to §93, inclusive)
  
• John Locke, Second Treatise of Government, Ch. 1
  
• Thomas Hobbes, Six Lessons to the Professors of Mathematics

II. UTILITARIANISM: CLASSICAL AND NEOCLASSICAL

Monday, January 19: Origins of classical utilitarianism 

• Jeremy Bentham, “Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation,” Chs. 1-3, 
  

Wednesday, January 21: Classical utilitarianism and distributive justice 

• Bentham in W. Stark, Jeremy Bentham’s Economic Writings, 442 
  

Friday, January 23: From classical to neoclassical utilitarianism 

• Catch up on the readings if you need to!
  

Monday, January 26: The neoclassical synthesis of rights and utility 

• John Stuart Mill, On Liberty, Chs. 1-2 
  

Wednesday, January 28: Limits of the neoclassical synthesis

• John Stuart Mill, On Liberty, Chs. 5

III. MARXISM, ITS FAILURES AND ITS LEGACY

Friday, January 30: The Marxian challenge 

• Marx and Engels, Manifesto of the Communist Party

Monday, February 2: Marx's theory of capitalism and exploitation

• Marx, Capital (Vol. I), Prefaces, Chs. I, IV, VI, XII, XVI (excerpts)   
  
• Marx, Critique of the Gotha Program
  

Wednesday, February 4: The Marxian failure and legacy

• Marx, Theories of Surplus Value, Ch. XVII (Sections 8-11, 14)    
  
• Roemer, "Should Marxists be interested in exploitation?" Analytical Marxism  
  

IV. THE SOCIAL CONTRACT TRADITION

Friday, February 6: The state of nature

• Hobbes, Leviathan, Introduction, Chs. 13-17, 21    
• Locke, Second Treatise of Government, Chs. 2-5

Monday, February 9: The Rawlsian social contract

• Rawls, A Theory of Justice, pg. 3-19, 52-56 
  
• Rawls, "Social Unity and Primary Goods," sect. IV, V in John Rawls: Collected Papers 
  

Wednesday, February 11: Distributive justice and the welfare state

• Rawls, A Theory of Justice, pg. 102-109, 118-123, 153-160, 221-227  
  

Friday, February 13: The "political-not-metaphysical" legacy

• Rawls,  "Justice as fairness: political not metaphysical." Philosophy & Public Affairs 14 (1985): 226-248 
  
• Shapiro, "Resources, Capacities, and Ownership." Political Theory 19.1 (February 1991), 47-72 
  

Monday, February 16: The Nozickian minimal state

• Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia, pp. 3-17, 26-35  
  

Wednesday, February 18: Rights-as-side constraints and the minimal state

• Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia, pp. 54-63, 78-84, 88-90, 108-119 
  

Friday, February 20: Compensation versus redistribution 

• Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia, pp. 149-164, 174-182 
  

V. ANTI-ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICS

Monday, February 23: The Burkean outlook

• Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France (excerpts)    
  
• Patrick Devlin, "Morals and the Criminal Law" 
  

Wednesday, February 25: Contemporary communitarianism 

• Alasdair MacIntyre, After Virtue, Chs. 1-3  

Friday, February 27: Contemporary communitarianism 

• Alasdair MacIntyre, After Virtue, Ch. 5 

VI. DEMOCRACY 
Monday, March 2: Republicanism vs. democracy 

• Hamilton, Jay, and Madison, The Federalist Papers, Papers No. 1, 9, 10 14, 39, 48, 51, 62, 70, 78    
  

Wednesday, March 4: In Search of the General Will

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract and the First and Second Discourses, Book I Ch. 6-7, Book II Ch. 3    
  
• William H. Riker, Ch. 5, "The Meaning of Social Choice" in Liberalism against Populism, pp. 115-123 
  
• Jürgen Habermas, "Three Normative Models of Democracy" 
  
• James Fishkin, "Deliberative Polling: Toward a Better-Informed Democracy" 
  

Friday, March 6: Majority Rule

• Locke, Second Treatise of Government, Chs. 17-19    
  
• Joseph Schumpeter, Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy, Ch. XXI and XXII 
  
• Buchanan and Tullock, The Calculus of Consent, excerpt from Ch. 6 
  
• Shapiro, "John Locke's Democratic Theory," in Locke's Two Treatises of Government, pp. 309-332 
  
• Douglas Rae, "The Limits of Consensual Decision" 
  

Monday, March 9: Democracy, Science, and Rights

• Shapiro, "Elements of Democratic Justice." Political Theory. 

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