Think Again I: How to Understand Arguments

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课程简介

Duke University

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Welcome to Think Again: How to Understand Arguments. This course is the first in a series of four courses jointly titled Think Again: How to Reason and Argue. We are excited that you are taking this course, and we hope that you will stick around for all four courses in the series, because there is a great deal of important material to learn. In the series as a whole, you will learn how to analyze and evaluate arguments and how to avoid common mistakes in reasoning. These important skills will be useful to you in deciding what to believe and what to do in all areas of your life. We will also have plenty of fun. The first part of this course introduces the series and the course. It also clarifies some peculiarities you may find with this course. We encourage you to watch the "Introduction to the Course" video first as it will help you learn more from the materials that come later.

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How to Understand Arguments Think Again: How to Reason and Argue Reasoning is important. This series of four short courses will teach you how to do it well. You will learn simple but vital rules to follow in thinking about any topic at all and common and tempting mistakes to avoid in reasoning. We will discuss how to identify, analyze, and evaluate arguments by other people (including politicians, used car salesmen, and teachers) and how to construct arguments of your own in order to help you decide what to believe or what to do. These skills will be useful in dealing with whatever matters most to you. Courses at a Glance: All four courses in this series are offered through sessions which run every four weeks. We suggest sticking to the weekly schedule to the best of your ability. If for whatever reason you fall behind, feel free to re-enroll in the next session.We also suggest that you start each course close to the beginning of a month in order to increase the number of peers in the discussion forums who are working on the same material as you are. While each course can be taken independently, we suggest you take the four courses in order. Course 1 - Think Again I: How to Understand Arguments Course 2 - Think Again II: How to Reason Deductively Course 3 - Think Again III: How to Reason Inductively Course 4 - Think Again IV: How to Avoid Fallacies About This Course in the Series: When is someone giving an argument instead of just yelling? Which parts of what they say contribute to the argument? Why are they arguing instead of fighting? What are arguments made of? What forms do they take? Think Again: How to Understand Arguments will answer these questions a more. In this course, you will learn what an argument is. The definition of argument will enable students to identify when speakers are giving arguments and when they are not. Next, we will learn how to break an argument into its essential parts, how to put them in order to reveal their connections, and how to fill in gaps in an argument. By the end of this course, students will be better able to understand and appreciate arguments that they and other people present. Suggested Readings: Students who want more detailed explanations or additional exercises or who want to explore these topics in more depth should consult Understanding Arguments: An Introduction to Informal Logic, Ninth Edition, Concise, Chapters 1-5, by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and Robert Fogelin. Course Format: Each week will be divided into multiple video segments that can be viewed separately or in groups. There will be short ungraded quizzes after each segment (to check comprehension) and a longer graded quiz at the end of the course.

再想一想:如何理解争论:如何理解争论 再想一想:如何推理和争论 推理很重要。本系列的四门短期课程将教您如何做好。您将学习简单但至关重要的规则,以完全思考任何主题,并避免在推理中遇到的常见和诱人错误。我们将讨论如何识别,分析和评估其他人(包括政客,二手车销售人员和老师)的论据,以及如何构建自己的论据,以帮助您决定相信什么或做什么。这些技能将有助于您处理最重要的事情。 课程一览: 本系列的所有四门课程均通过每四周运行一次的课程提供。我们建议尽您所能,坚持每周计划。如果由于任何原因而落后,请随时重新注册下一个会话。我们还建议您在每个月的开始之前开始每门课程,以增加正在讨论的论坛中的同行人数。和您一样的材料。虽然每门课程都可以独立学习,但我们建议您按顺序学习四门课程。 课程1-再想一想:如何理解争论 课程2-再思考II:如何演绎推理 课程3-再思考III:如何归纳推理 课程4-再思考IV:如何避免谬误 关于本系列课程: 什么时候有人在争论而不是大喊大叫?他们说的哪些部分有助于论点?他们为什么吵架而不是吵架?争论由什么构成?他们采取什么形式?再想一想:如何理解争论将进一步回答这些问题。 在本课程中,您将学习什么是论点。论点的定义将使学生能够确定说话者何时在讲论,何时不讲话。接下来,我们将学习如何将论点分解为基本部分,如何放置它们以揭示它们的联系,以及如何填补论点中的空白。到本课程结束时,学生将能够更好地理解和欣赏他们和其他人提出的论点。 建议阅读: 需要更详细的解释或更多练习的学生,或者想更深入地探讨这些主题的学生,应查阅Walter Sinnott-Armstrong和Robert Fogelin撰写的《理解论证:非正式逻辑入门》,第9版,简洁,第1-5章。 课程形式: 每周将分为多个视频片段,可以分别或分组观看。每个部分后将进行简短的未分级测验(以检查理解能力),课程结束时将进行较长的分级测验。

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