The Brain and Space

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课程简介

Duke University

课程大纲

This module contains an introduction to the course as a whole (Video 1.1) and an exploration of how our eyes detect light and deduce the location light is coming from (Videos 1.2-1.6). You'll also learn about how scientists from Democritus to Alhazen to Kepler figured this out. The final video for the module involves an experiment to test what happens when special goggles turn the world upside down (Video 1.7). I'll show experiments frequently throughout this course -- they are how we know what we know. This module’s quiz is ungraded and available to both auditors and certificate students. Consider it a sample of the style of question in the quizzes for the remaining modules, and an opportunity to determine if you’d like to pursue a certificate for this course.

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课程详情

This course is about how the brain creates our sense of spatial location from a variety of sensory and motor sources, and how this spatial sense in turn shapes our cognitive abilities. Knowing where things are is effortless. But “under the hood,” your brain must figure out even the simplest of details about the world around you and your position in it. Recognizing your mother, finding your phone, going to the grocery store, playing the banjo – these require careful sleuthing and coordination across different sensory and motor domains. This course traces the brain’s detective work to create this sense of space and argues that the brain’s spatial focus permeates our cognitive abilities, affecting the way we think and remember. The material in this course is based on a book I've written for a general audience. The book is called "Making Space: How the Brain Knows Where Things Are", and is available from Amazon, Barnes and Noble, or directly from Harvard University Press. The course material overlaps with classes on perception or systems neuroscience, and can be taken either before or after such classes. Dr. Jennifer M. Groh, Ph.D. Professor Psychology & Neuroscience; Neurobiology Duke University www.duke.edu/~jmgroh Jennifer M. Groh is interested in how the brain process spatial information in different sensory systems, and how the brain's spatial codes influence other aspects of cognition. She is the author of a recent book entitled "Making Space: How the Brain Knows Where Things Are" (Harvard University Press, fall 2014). Much of her research concerns differences in how the visual and auditory systems encode location, and how vision influences hearing. Her laboratory has demonstrated that neurons in auditory brain regions are sometimes responsive not just to what we hear but also to what direction we are looking and what visual stimuli we can see. These surprising findings challenge the prevailing assumption that the brain’s sensory pathways remain separate and distinct from each other at early stages, and suggest a mechanism for such multi-sensory interactions as lip-reading and ventriloquism (the capture of perceived sound location by a plausible nearby visual stimulus). Dr. Groh has been a professor at Duke University since 2006. She received her undergraduate degree in biology from Princeton University in 1988 before studying neuroscience at the University of Michigan (Master’s, 1990), the University of Pennsylvania (Ph.D., 1993), and Stanford University (postdoctoral, 1994-1997). Dr. Groh has been teaching undergraduate classes on the neural basis of perception and memory for over fifteen years. She is presently a faculty member at the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences at Duke University. She also holds appointments in the Departments of Neurobiology and Psychology & Neuroscience at Duke. Dr. Groh’s research has been supported by a variety of sources including the John S. Guggenheim Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, and the Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Program, the McKnight Endowment Fund for Neuroscience, the John Merck Scholars Program, the EJLB Foundation, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Whitehall Foundation, and the National Organization for Hearing Research.

脑与空间:本课程介绍大脑如何通过各种感觉和运动来源创造我们的空间位置感,以及这种空间感又如何塑造我们的认知能力。 知道事情在哪里很容易。但是,“在幕后”,您的大脑甚至必须弄清楚有关您周围世界及其位置的最简单细节。识别您的母亲,找到您的电话,去杂货店,弹奏班卓琴-这些都需要在不同的感觉和运动领域进行仔细的侦查和协调。这门课程将追溯大脑的侦探工作以创造这种空间感,并认为大脑的空间焦点会渗透到我们的认知能力中,从而影响我们的思维和记忆方式。 本课程的材料基于我为普通读者写的书。这本书被称为“制造空间:大脑如何知道事物在哪里”,可从亚马逊,巴恩斯和诺布尔或直接从哈佛大学出版社获得。 该课程材料与关于感知或系统神经科学的课程重叠,并且可以在此类课程之前或之后进行。 Jennifer M. Groh博士 教授 心理学与神经科学神经生物学 杜克大学  www.duke.edu/~jmgroh 詹妮弗·格罗(Jennifer M. Groh)对大脑如何处理不同感觉系统中的空间信息以及大脑的空间代码如何影响认知的其他方面感兴趣。她是最近出版的一本书的作者,该书名为“制造空间:大脑如何知道事物在哪里”(哈佛大学出版社,2014年秋季)。 她的许多研究都涉及视觉和听觉系统如何编码位置以及视觉如何影响听力的差异。她的实验室已经证明,听觉大脑区域的神经元有时不仅对我们听到的声音做出反应,而且还对我们正在寻找的方向和可见的视觉刺激做出反应。这些令人惊讶的发现挑战了一个普遍的假设,即在早期阶段,大脑的感觉途径仍保持分离且彼此不同,并提出了一种多感觉相互作用的机制,如唇读和腹语(通过在附近合理的位置捕获感知的声音位置)视觉刺激)。 Groh博士自2006年以来一直是杜克大学的教授。她于1988年从普林斯顿大学获得生物学学士学位,然后在密歇根大学(硕士学位,1990年),宾夕法尼亚大学(1993年,博士学位)学习神经科学。 )和斯坦福大学(博士后,1994-1997年)。 Groh博士在感知和记忆的神经基础上教授本科课程已有15年以上。她目前是杜克大学认知神经科学中心和杜克脑科学研究所的教职员工。她还曾在神经生物学和心理学系任教。杜克大学的神经科学。 Groh博士的研究得到了各种来源的支持,包括约翰·S·古根海姆基金会,美国国立卫生研究院,国家科学基金会以及海军研究办公室青年研究人员计划,麦克奈特神经科学基金会,约翰默克学者计划,EJLB基金会,Alfred P. Sloan基金会,Whitehall基金会和国家听力研究组织。

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