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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/space-medicine-duke
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课程名称：航天医学 课程概述：您是否曾想过人类要如何突破地球的舒适圈，走向更远的太空？欢迎加入《航天医学》课程，这是一门由两位杜克大学的应届毕业生主办的线上课程，在这里您将学习和探讨NASA及其他推动未来太空探索的机构所面临的紧迫医学挑战。本课程是免费开放的，并不提供证书，课程包含互动模块和每周的现场讨论。参与者将就与人类未来在太空中的健康相关的问题进行反思，比如： - 人类如何应对极端环境？ - 工程师、医生和科研人员如何协作，预防太空相关的健康问题？ - 如果未来人类尝试在太空中生活，他们将面临哪些挑战？ - 适应地球生活的进化特征在长时间的航行中如何帮助生存？ 本课程不要求有科学或医学的背景，必要的生命科学概念将在课程中导入。课程结束时，您将获得在太空环境中应用现代医学的宝贵经验，从太空飞行到前往火星的旅程。 课程大纲： 1. 医学与航空的历史：了解航天医学的起源以及航空医学与航天医学如何结合，探讨历史案例及飞行医学的角色。 2. 走出稀薄空气：分析高海拔环境中的呼吸困难现象，研究氧气对人体的重要性及应对缺氧的措施。 3. 离开的代价：探讨减压病的概念，了解在太空环境中如何控制人工气氛以避免潜在的健康风险。 4. 加速的极限：研究加速对飞行员和乘客的影响，以及应对G力的手段。 5. 极限承受：了解离开地球后的风险，如何应对视觉、骨骼和肌肉的退化，以及任务中医务人员与宇航员的沟通与规划。 6. 火星医学：探索在火星生活的新健康问题及其伦理考量，以及如何设计解决方案来克服这些困难。 在这个课程中，您将面对航天医学的各种挑战，并思考自己是否具备成为宇航员的条件。
Name:History of Medicine and Aviation
Description:The field of space medicine arose from aerospace medicine in the mid 20th century. Owing the heritages of space and medicine, we will want to look back in history to find how these two disciplines came together. Along the way we will talk about case studies, which punctuate each week of the course, look at the role of flight medicine, before turning to the environment of space. Space is an inhospitable place, but venturing beyond Earth is not hopeless. Already some organisms have overcome problems posed by lack of air, freezing temperatures, and radiation. Space medicine is all about meeting these challenges and preventing problems before they occur in our final frontier.
Name:Out of Thin Air
Description:A commonly understood fact is that breathing is difficult at high elevations because of the thin air. However, the meanings behind “hard to breathe” and “thin air” are often hidden or under-appreciated. Informed by a hot balloon incident from the 1800s, we will ask why oxygen is so important for the human body and appreciate how our hearts, lungs, and blood is essential for sustaining life. Then we will look at what happens when these processes break down including medical signs and symptoms to answer what happened hundreds of years ago. Finally, we will look at countermeasures and ways that humans overcome the threat of hypoxia in aerospace and space travel.
Name:The Price of Leaving
Description:Scuba divers know that the end of the dive can be the most dangerous because bubbles can form causing terrible damage. Decompression Sickness was first understood in French coal miners but plays a crucial role in aerospace applications. The space environment involves moving between pressure gradients which brings these risks front and center. The other concern with different pressure gradients is hyperoxia where too much oxygen can also cause trouble. The artificial atmospheres onboard the International Space Station and in space suits must be tightly controlled to avoid these issues.
Name:Extremes of Acceleration
Description:Aircraft causalities almost always end with a crash. Crashes are a form of acceleration where a moving plane comes to a rapid stop causing massive trauma for the pilot and passenger. Acceleration from high speed turns, maneuvers, and lift-off can contribute to pilots passing out and losing control of their craft. We fight against these G-Forces with blood pressure in the hopes of avoiding these Losses of Consciousness and Trauma.
Name:Breaking Points
Description:Once we leave Earth, we lose so many of the protections that keep us safe. With the strong presence of Earth's gravity, our eyesight begins to fade, our bones start to crumble, and our muscles will atrophy. The atmosphere and magnetosphere shield us from solar radiation and we leave behind most of our social connections on board a spaceship. To survive a journey to Mars, Space Doctors will need to be in constant communication with astronauts and plan the mission knowing these risks. The journey may be perilous but we can engineer solutions to persevere and overcome.
Name:Martian Medicine
Description:Should astronauts prevent all of the issues needed for a trip to the Red Planet, there will be new health concerns to live on Mars. This week is especially theoretical as we look into engineering and medical designs to survive in an incredibly limited environment. Scarce resources also pose ethical concerns as some equipment may need to be left behind at the start of a mission and a Martian parasite could risk the extinction of the human race. However, like every issue throughout this course, once we've identified an issue, we can overcome it! We leave you, asking, "Do you have what it takes to be an astronaut?"
Have you ever wondered what it would take for humans to travel beyond the comforts of our home planet, Earth? You are invited to join us in Space Medicine - an online experience facilitated by two recent Duke graduates in which you will learn about and engage in the most pressing medical challenges facing NASA and others advancing the future of space exploration. Space Medicine is a free, non-certificate course featuring interactive modules and weekly live discussions. Participants will reflect on questions pertinent to the future of human health in space, such as: - How do humans respond to extreme environments? - How can engineers, doctors, and scientific researchers come together to prevent space related health issues before they occur? - If future generations of humans attempt to live in space, what challenges will they face? - Which evolutionary adaptations to living on Earth are useful to surviving a months- or years-long voyage? No prior experience in science or medicine is required, as life science concepts will be introduced as necessary. At the end of the course, you will have gained valuable experience in applying modern medicine to space-based situations, from space flight to journeying to Mars.
