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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/roman-architecture
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课程名称：罗马建筑 课程概述： 罗马建筑是一门专为热爱旅行并希望探索建筑如何塑造政治、社会和文化的人士而设的课程。 课程大纲： 1. **罗马建筑导论**：介绍罗马城市规划及多样的建筑类型。 2. **城市的形成：罗马的建立及意大利城市主义的起源**：讲述从铁器时代到晚期共和国的建筑演变，重点关注城市规划和早期寺庙建筑。 3. **罗马建筑的技术与革命**：探讨广泛使用混凝土（opus caementicium）对罗马建筑的影响。 4. **公民生活的中断：公元79年8月24日的噩梦与命运**：回顾庞贝毁于维苏威火山喷发的建筑及人民日常生活。 5. **富裕与名流的生活：庞贝的房屋与别墅**：研究庞贝地区的住宅建筑，特别是意大利式住宅及希腊风格住宅的发展。 6. **赫库兰尼姆的栖息地与早期罗马室内装饰**：讲述赫库兰尼姆居民逃避火山喷发的故事及其家庭建筑的发展。 7. **装饰生活：公元一世纪的宫殿与别墅绘画**：介绍第三种和第四种风格的罗马墙面绘画。 8. **探索庞贝墙上的特定主题**：讨论第二至第四种风格墙面上的神话、风景和静物题材的绘画。 9. **从砖到大理石：奥古斯都重塑罗马**：奥古斯都如何将罗马从砖城变为大理石城。 10. **通往来世：罗马贵族、自由民和奴隶的坟墓**：研究奥古斯都时期的墓葬建筑。 11. **臭名昭著的尼禄与其建筑遗产**：分析尤利-克劳狄王朝时期的建筑成就。 12. **创造一个标志：斗兽场与现代罗马建筑**：探讨弗拉维王朝与斗兽场的关系。 13. **王子与宫殿：在帕拉蒂尼山的人神合一**：研究与犹太战争胜利相关的建筑。 14. **所有广场之母：特拉扬时期的公民建筑**：分析特拉扬及其纪念建筑。 15. **罗马与别墅：哈德良的万神殿与提沃利度假胜地**：讲述哈德良时期的建筑特色。 16. **生活与死亡的罗马方式：奥斯提亚，罗马的港口**：探索奥斯提亚的城市布局与建筑风格。 17. **越大越好：卡拉卡拉浴场与罗马的二三世纪建筑**：研究“越大越好”理念下的建筑。 18. **本土男孩：在罗马北非的帝王根源**：介绍与特拉扬有关的北非城市建筑。 19. **巴洛克奢华：约旦、黎巴嫩与利比亚的岩石墓、喷泉和圣所**：探讨巴洛克建筑风格的演变。 20. **希腊瓶中的罗马酒：雅典的复兴**：分析罗马对雅典的影响与建筑成就。 21. **在西方边疆建设迷你罗马**：探讨罗马化如何转变边疆城镇。 22. **罗马复兴：四头统治的文艺复兴**：研究第三世纪末到第四世纪初的建筑复兴。 23. **君士坦丁的罗马与新罗马**：讲述君士坦丁时期的建筑及其文化转变。 本课程通过丰富的内容与历史背景，帮助学员深入理解罗马建筑的伟大成就与其对后世的影响。
Name:Introduction to Roman Architecture
Description:Roman urbanism and introduction to the wide variety of Roman buildings covered in the course.
Name:It Takes a City: The Founding of Rome and the Beginnings of Urbanism in Italy
Description:Evolution of Roman architecture from the Iron Age through the Late Republic with emphasis on city planning, wall building, and early Roman temple architecture.
Name:Technology and Revolution in Roman Architecture
Description:The Revolution in Roman Architecture through the widespread adoption of opus caementicium (concrete) used for expressive as well as practical purposes.
Name: Civic Life interrupted: Nightmare and Destiny on August 24, A.D. 79
Description:Civic, commercial, and religious buildings of Pompeii buried by the devastating eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79 and later rediscovered. Daily life in Pompeii is illustrated through its bakeries and fast food stands and a moving account dramatizes what happened when disaster struck.
Name:Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous: Houses and Villas at Pompeii
Description:Domestic architecture at Pompeii from its beginnings to the eruption of Vesuvius with emphasis on the development of the domus italica and the Hellenized domus and featuring the House of the Faun and Villa of the Mysteries.
Name:Habitats at Herculaneum and Early Roman Interior Decoration
Description:What befell the city of Herculaneum’s inhabitants when they tried to escape Vesuvius. The development of the city’s domestic architecture, especially the Houses of the Mosaic Atrium and the Stags, is traced as is the evolution of First and Second Style Roman wall painting, the latter transforming the flat wall into a panoramic window.
Name:Gilding the Lily: Painting Palaces and Villas in the First Century A.D.
Description:Third Style Roman wall painting in villas belonging to elite patrons. Third Style painting is characterized by departure from perspectival vistas and return to a flat wall decorated with panel pictures and attenuated architectural elements. The Fourth Style is a compendium of all previous styles. Both coexist in Nero’s Domus Aurea.
Name:Exploring Special Subjects on Pompeian Walls
Description:Painted renditions of special subjects inserted into Second through Fourth Style Roman wall paintings. These include mythological, landscape, genre, still life, and history painting, as well as painted portraiture. Highlights include the Dionysiac Mysteries paintings and the Riot in the Amphitheater, both from residences in Pompeii.
Name:From Brick to Marble: Augustus Assembles Rome
Description:Transformation of Rome by Augustus. Claiming to have found Rome a city of brick and leaving it a city of marble, Augustus exploited marble quarries at Luna (modern Carrara) to build his Forum, decorating it with replicas of Greek caryatids associating his era with Periclean Athens. The contemporary Ara Pacis served as the Luna marble embodiment of Augustus’ new hegemonic empire.
Name:Accessing Afterlife: Tombs of Roman Aristocrats, Freedmen, and Slaves
Description:Sepulchral architecture in Rome under Augustus. Roman tombs were built in a variety of personalized forms among them the pyramidal Tomb of the aristocrat Gaius Cestius, and the trapezoidal Tomb of Marcus Vergilius Eurysaces, probably a former slave who made his fortune overseeing the baking and public distribution of bread for the Roman army.
Name:Notorious Nero and His Amazing Architectural Legacy
Description:Architecture under the Julio-Claudian emperors: Tiberius' Villa Jovis on Capri, and, in Rome and at Portus, the eccentric architecture of Claudius with its unique combination of finished and rusticated masonry. The culminating masterwork is Nero’s Domus Aurea with its octagonal room, one of the most important rooms in the history of Roman architecture.
Name:The Creation of an Icon: The Colosseum and Contemporary Architecture in Rome
Description:The Flavian dynasty of Vespasian, Titus, and Domitian. Vespasian linked himself to Divus Claudius by completing the Claudianum, distanced himself from Nero by destroying part of the Domus Aurea, filling in the artificial lake and replacing it with the Colosseum. Titus commissioned Rome's first preserved example of the "imperial bath type," characterized by grand scale, axiality, and symmetry.
Name:The Prince and the Palace: Human Made Divine on the Palatine Hill
Description:The Domitianic Arch (and Tomb) of Titus celebrating the Flavian victory in the Jewish Wars; the Stadium of Domitian, its shape now preserved in Rome's Piazza Navona, the Imperial Palace on the Palatine Hill, designed by Rabirius and featuring Domitian as dominus et deus, and the Forum Transitorium, a narrow space with undulating columnar bays announcing the beginning of a "baroque" phase in Roman architecture. First Quiz is located here!
Name:The Mother of All Forums: Civic Architecture in Rome under Trajan
Description:Trajan’s monumental architecture in Rome references his expansion of the Roman Empire to its furthest reaches. Highlights include the Baths of Trajan and the Forum and Markets of Trajan, built on land that engineer/architect Apollodorus of Damascus created by cutting away part of the Quirinal Hill. The complex also includes the celebrated 125-foot Column of Trajan with a spiral frieze commemorating the emperor's military victories in Dacia.
Name:Rome and a Villa: Hadrian's Pantheon and Tivoli Retreat
Description:Architecture in and around Rome during Hadrian’s reign: the Temple of Venus and Roma possibly designed by Hadrian; the Pantheon, combining the marble porch and pediment of a traditional Greco-Roman temple with a vast concrete cylindrical drum, hemispherical dome, central oculus, and theatrical light effects; the Villa of Hadrian at Tivoli, where the emperor recreated buildings and works of art observed during his empire-wide travels; and the Mausoleum of Hadrian (Castel Sant'Angelo).
Name:The Roman Way of Life and Death at Ostia, The Port of Rome
Description:Tour of Ostia, characterized by multi-storied residential buildings and widespread use of brick-faced concrete. The city's public face features the Forum, Capitolium, Theater, and Piazzale delle Corporazioni with its black-and-white mosaic shipping company advertisements. The Insula of Diana, a four-floor brick apartment building, and warehouses like the Horrea Epagathiana highlight the Ostian appreciation of the aesthetic qualities of exposed brick facing.
Name:Bigger is Better: The Baths of Caracalla and Other Second-and Third-Century Buildings in Rome
Description:Exploration of a "bigger is better" philosophy; exposed brick tombs with painted stucco and architectural elements; the Temple of Divine Antoninus Pius and Faustina and its post-antique afterlife as the Church of S. Lorenzo in Miranda; the earliest surviving triple-bayed Arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum; the Septizodium, a lively baroque-style façade for Domitian's Palace on the Palatine Hill; and the colossal Baths of Caracalla
Name:Hometown Boy: Honoring an Emperor's Roots in Roman North Africa
Description:Timgad, Trajan’s colony for Roman army veterans, was designed as a castrum; Leptis Magna, with Carthaginian roots, was developed first under Augustus. Leptis-born Septimius Severus renovated his hometown featuring a forum, basilica, and arch. Entrepreneurs, providing animals to Rome's amphitheaters, commissioned Hunting Baths with intimate vaulted spaces revealed on the outside and silhouetted against the sea, suggesting that they knew how to innovate and enjoy life.
Name:Baroque Extravaganzas: Rock Tombs, Fountains, and Sanctuaries in Jordan, Lebanon, and Libya
Description:The baroque phenomenon in ancient Roman architecture where the traditional vocabulary of architecture (columns, pediments, et al) is manipulated to enliven building façades and inject them with dynamic motion. Appearing in Rome in the late first century A.D., baroque architecture was foremost in the Greek East where high-quality marble and expert marble carvers made it the architectural mode of choice. It foreshadowed Borromini’s showpieces of seventeenth-century Rome.
Name: Roman Wine in Greek Bottles: The Rebirth of Athens
Description:The rebirth of Athens under Rome’s foremost philhellenic emperors, Augustus and Hadrian. High quality Greek marble and expert Greek stone carvers produced notable edifices in Roman Greece dependent on a mutual exchange of architectural ideas and motifs between Rome and Athens. These include the Monument of Philopappos, the Library and Arch of Hadrian, and architectural additions or transformations made to the Acropolis and the Greek and Roman Agoras.
Name:Making Mini Romes on the Western Frontier
Description:Romanization was meant to provide amenities to Rome’s new colonies while, at the same time, transforming them into miniature versions of Rome. The focus here is on western frontier sites in what are now North Italy, France, Spain, and Croatia. Highlights include: the Theater at Orange, the Maison Carrée and the Pont-du-Gard at Nîmes, and the Trophy of Augustus at La Turbie.
Name:Rome Redux: The Tetrarchic Renaissance
Description:Except for the Aurelian Walls, Rome’s third century was an "architectural wasteland.” Diocletian created a new form of government called the Tetrarchy (four-man rule) with leaders in East and West. Public and private building campaigns in Rome and the provinces reflected the Empire's renewed stability and centered on enhancing or restoring buildings in the Roman Forum and constructing the Baths of Diocletian in Rome and Diocletian’s Palace at Split.
Name:Rome of Constantine and a New Rome
Description:Constantine commissioned buildings linked to the pagan past (Baths of Constantine) and others (Aula Palatina,Trier) looking to the Christian future. New architectural ideas abound. The "Temple of Minerva Medica" is decagonal and the Basilica Nova modeled on the frigidaria of Roman imperial baths. The Arch of Constantine commemorates Constantine's victory at the Milvian Bridge and serves as a compendium of Constantine's accomplishments matching those of “good” second-century Roman emperors.
Roman Architecture is a course for people who love to travel and want to discover the power of architecture to shape politics, society, and culture.
