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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/religion-thought-modern-china
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课程名称：现代中国的宗教与思想：宋、金、元 课程概述：本系列四门课程采用多学科方法研究中国文化历史，探讨其作为理性模式（哲学、官僚和经济）的连续演变。重点关注不同理性模式之间的范式转变，并在这些转变中考察思想、文学、仪式等文化事实与当时社会、政治和经济体系之间的关系。 第一和第二门课程涵盖了战国时期（公元前481-256年）和分裂时期（公元220-589年），并短暂涉及汉朝（公元前206-220年）。战国时期为帝国理性模式的出现奠定了社会和文化基础；分裂时期佛教“征服”中国，形成了以三教对巫教的对立为特征的理性模式，即显现出精英文化与大众文化之间的明显对比。 第三和第四门课程将集中在宋元时期（公元960-1368年）和现代中国（1850年至今）的兴起上。我们将探讨现代对宗教的攻击如何被重新定义为“迷信”，这不仅引发了宗教改革运动，还促成了科学和国家成为国家所推动的主要价值体系。 课程清单如下： 1. 中国的批判文化史 - 早期中国 I：战国与汉代的思想变革（公元前481-220年） 2. 中国的批判文化史 - 早期中国 II：分裂时期的宗教转变（公元220-589年） 3. 中国的批判文化史 - 现代中国 I：宋、金、元的宗教与思想（公元960-1368年） 4. 中国的批判文化史 - 现代中国 II：价值的结构（1850-2015年） 课程大纲简述： - 现代中国模块：探讨宋代的独特性，三教如何转变，内心化与理性化的新高峰，以及佛教与道教如何一方面批评民间宗教，另一方面又学会合作。 - 国家宗教模块：研究国家如何依赖儒家经典控制和支持宗教，北宋如何偏爱道教及如何引发祖先和统治皇帝的神化。 - 地方社会模块：展示中国宗教在村落中的体现，各宗教如何各司其职以及村庄中心的土地神。 - 宋金时期道教模块：阐述天师道如何崛起并与民间宗教合作，加强驱邪和道教自我修炼的双重主义。 - 宋代佛教模块：学习宋代两种主要佛教形式，精英化的禅宗获得国家支持，广受欢迎的天台宗为 lay 人创造了社群与仪式。 - 敦煌模块：描述分裂时期佛教洞窟崇拜文化的兴起，洞窟壁画、雕塑及水陆祭仪文本如何使净土信仰具体化。 - 宋代儒学模块 I 和 II：探讨道学的两个流派，阐明朱熹如何克服汉唐儒学的二元论，对四书的新经典、情感的积极视角和对地方社会机构的关注有何贡献，以及书院在道学中的特殊地位。
Name:Module 13 Modern China
Description:This module presents what is unique to the Song dynasty: why it can be called “modern”; how the Three Teachings were transformed and interiorization and rationalization reached new heights; how both Buddhism and Daoism, while continuing to criticize popular religion, also learned to cooperate with it.
Name:Module 14 State Religion
Description:This module is about how the state, relying on the Confucian classics, controlled religion and also supported it; how the Northern Song dynasty heavily favoured Daoism, and how this allowed the deification of its ancestors not only but even of the ruling emperor.
Name:Module 15 Local Society
Description:This module shows Chinese religion at the village level, how each of the four religions has its own niche, and how the earth god was at the center of the village in the Song period.
Name:Module 16 Daoism in the Song and Jin
Description:This module explains how Heavenly Master Daoism came to the fore and became a collaborator with popular religion; why this meant an increased focus on exorcism; how Daoist self-cultivation became radically dualist.
Name:Module 17 Buddhism in the Song
Description:We are going to learn the two main forms of Buddhism in the Song, the more elite Chan, first to gain state support, and the more popular Tiantai, which created lay associations and rituals for lay persons.
Name:Module 18 Dunhuang
Description:This module describes the emergence of a culture of Buddhist cave worship during the Period of Division. You can learn how cave murals and statues, together with texts for the water-land ritual, made the Pure Land something very concrete and real for Chinese Buddhists.
Name:Module 19 Confucianism in the Song 1
Description:This module explores the formation of Daoxue’s two strains, the one (Lu Jiuyuan) more inclusive, the other (Zhu Xi) more exclusive how Daoxue became state orthodoxy.
Name:Module 20 Confucianism in the Song 2
Description:This module illustrates how the dualism of Han and Tang Confucians was overcome by Zhu Xi and how this is related to 1) his creation of the new canon of the Four Books; 2) a positive view of the emotions; and 3) his interest in local social institutions. Understand the special place of academies in the Daoxue landscape.
This sequence of four courses will propose a multi-disciplinary approach to the study of Chinese cultural history conceived of as a succession of modes of rationality (philosophical, bureaucratic, and economic). The focus will be on the moments of paradigm shift from one mode of rationality to another. For each of these moments, cultural facts and artifacts—thought, literature, ritual—will be examined in relationship to changing social, political, and economic systems. The first two courses will cover the periods of the Warring States (481-256 BCE) and the Period of Division (220-589 CE), with a brief excursion into the Han (206 BCE-220 CE). The Warring States laid the social and cultural foundations for the emergence of the imperial mode of rationality; the Period of Division saw the Buddhist “conquest” of China and the emergence of a rationality defined by the opposition of the Three Teachings to shamanism, that is, of a clear contrast between elite and popular culture. The third and fourth courses will focus on the emergence of modern China in the Song-Yuan (960-1368) and of today’s China 1850 to the present. We will see how the modern attack on religion, redefined as "superstition", led not only to religious reform movements but also to a society in which science and the nation became the primary value systems promoted by the state. The courses are listed below: A Critical Cultural History of China - Early China I: Intellectual Change in the Warring States and Han (481 BCE-220 CE) A Critical Cultural History of China - Early China II: Religious Transformation in the Period of Division (220-589 CE) A Critical Cultural History of China - Modern China I: Religion and Thought in the Song, Jin, and Yuan (960-1368) A Critical Cultural History of China - Modern China II: Structuring Values (1850-2015)
