Philosophy, Science and Religion: Philosophy and Religion

所在平台: Coursera

课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/philosophy-science-religion-2

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课程简介

课程总结：哲学、科学与宗教：哲学与宗教 本课程“哲学与宗教”是我们线上系列课程“哲学、科学与宗教”的第二门课程，探讨哲学、科学与宗教这三种理解世界和我们自身位置的基本思维模式之间的关系。我们将讨论科学与宗教之间的冲突、对神存在的认知科学解释、信仰的根源以及科学信仰是否也可视为一种基本主义等重要问题。 课程内容主要包括以下几个模块： 1. **课程介绍**：由邓肯·普里查德教授欢迎学员，并预览未来六周的学习旅程。 2. **心智、科学与宗教**：由萨拉·莱恩·里奇博士讲述脑科学与宗教信仰之间的关系。 3. **科学与宗教的公共领域**：约翰·埃文斯教授探讨当代社会中科学与宗教的 sociological 方法，讨论道德与人类进化之间的冲突。 4. **宗教分歧与友好的有神论/无神论**：约翰·格雷科教授讨论宗教分歧，特别是邪恶问题与神秘性问题，并引入社会认知的概念，以理解这些争论的背后。 5. **隐藏性论证与哲学的贡献**：约翰·谢伦伯格教授介绍隐藏性论证对无神论的新理解，并讨论其与哲学和科学的关系。 6. **宗教与科学的基本主义**：里克·皮尔斯博士研究宗教与科学的基本主义，探讨科学主义的现象及其对信念的影响。 7. **科学与宗教中的认知美德与恶德**：马克·阿尔法诺教授讨论科学和宗教中知识的获取与分享过程中的美德与恶德。 成功完成三门课程后，学员将能够理解科学与宗教之间争论的主要参数，熟悉相关科学领域的概念，接触重要的哲学视角，并在跨学科的对话中有所建树。此课程旨在促进学员在知识和灵性边界之间的对话和个人成长。

课程大纲

Name:Introduction to the course

Description:In this module Professor Duncan Pritchard welcomes you to the course and gives you a preview of our journey together over the next six weeks.

Name:Mind, Science, and Religion

Description:Dr. Sarah Lane Ritchie starts us off with a tour of the relationship between the various brain sciences and religious belief.

Name:Science and Religion in the Public Realm

Description:In this series of lectures, Professor John Evans describes a sociological approach to the question of religion and science that focuses on contemporary society. Using debates about fact claims and morality of human evolution as his continuing example, and with a focus on the relationship with science that religious and other citizens have with science, he describes three types of conflict. Unlike the philosophical and theological debate that focuses upon conflict over knowledge claims about the physical world, Evans shows how the contemporary debate for citizens is more likely to be about morality.

Name:Religious Disagreement and Friendly Theism/Atheism

Description:In this series of lectures Professor John Greco discusses the topic of religious disagreement. Part One considers two problems that we find in the epistemology of religion: The Problem of Evil (or Suffering) and The Problem of Divine Hiddenness. In these contexts, theists and atheists often accuse each other of irrationality. Even worse, each party of the debate explains that irrationality by positing some moral or intellectual flaw in the other. The basic idea is this: If you don’t see things the way I do, that must be due to some intellectual or moral flaw in you. Part Two introduces resources in social epistemology that help us to understand what is going on here. The main idea is that social location affects epistemic position-- that social location matters, epistemically speaking. This is a central lesson of contemporary social epistemology, and one that can be fruitfully adopted by religious epistemology as well. Part Three explores some further implications of a “social religious epistemology.” Most importantly, we see how moral and practical aspects of the social environment can have epistemic consequences.

Name:The Hiddenness Argument and the Contribution of Philosophy

Description:In this series of lectures, Professor John Schellenberg introduces and explains a new argument for atheism known as the hiddenness argument. He highlights the self-imposed limitations of this way of reasoning, which is aimed at ruling out just one candidate for the status of a divine reality, the notion of a personal divine. He then clarifies the relations between this approach to the question of God's existence and other features of the contemporary landscape in philosophy and science – including the philosophical problem of evil, certain results of the cognitive science of religion, and recent moral changes suggesting cultural evolution.

Name:Religious and Scientific Fundamentalism

Description:In this series of lectures Dr. Rik Peels considers religious and scientific fundamentalism. Scientism is the currently popular thesis that only natural science gives rational belief or, alternatively, that there are no principled limits to science. In this lecture, I give several examples of scientism, such as scientism about free will. After that, I present seven reasons that have been given for scientism. Subsequently, I outline three arguments against it. Finally, I explain some crucial similarities and differences between scientism on the one hand and fundamentalism on the other. I argue that, even though some varieties of scientism resemble fundamentalism, most of them are more similar to religions or worldviews.

Name:Epistemic Virtues and Vices in Science and Religion

Description:In this lecture, Professor Mark Alfano discusses the role of epistemic virtues and vices in science and religion. The lecture has three main sections. First, Alfano distinguishes four types of epistemic virtues and vices. Source virtues such as honesty make someone an excellent primary source of knowledge. Receiver virtues such as intellectual humility make someone an excellent recipient of knowledge provided by sources. Conduit virtues make someone an excellent conveyor of the knowledge they receive from others to third parties; these dispositions might include a willingness to gossip carefully in order to protect others from a sexual predator, as well as the virtues that journalists try to embody. Echo virtues make someone an excellent sounding board for others. Along the way, Alfano mentions various vices that can attach to people in the role of source, receiver, conduit, and echo. In the second part of the lecture, Alfano uses the notions of source, receiver, conduit, and echo virtues to make sense of scientific collaborations and trust in science by laypeople. In section three, he shows that unless we have unreasonably high credence in very long chains of conduit virtues, we should not accept testimony in favour of miracles or divine revelation.

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