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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/moral-politics
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课程名称：政治的伦理基础 概述：政府何时值得我们的忠诚？何时又应当拒绝这种忠诚？本课程探讨现代西方对这一问题的主要回答。我们将首先对启蒙时代的主要政治理论进行调研：功利主义、马克思主义以及社会契约传统。在每种理论中，我们都将考察其经典表述，定位于历史背景中，并随后转向与当今政治相关的现代辩论。 接下来，我们将探讨对启蒙政治思想的拒绝，再次考量经典与现代的表述。课程的最后部分将讨论民主政治的本质及其正当性，以及这些与启蒙与反启蒙政治思想的关系。 除了探讨不同作者之间的理论差异外，课程还将大量关注他们相互竞争的观点的实际影响。为此，我们将讨论各种具体问题，包括经济不平等、平权行动与医疗资源分配的辩论、国家在言论和宗教监管中权力的界限，以及日益严重的全球环境恶化所带来的挑战。 课程大纲： 1. 欢迎来到政治的伦理基础：介绍课程、讲师和课程结构。 2. 启蒙政治理论：探讨政府合法性的本质，如第三帝国是否不合法，艾希曼是否违反了某种更高的法律。 3. 功利主义：经典与新古典：研究经典和新古典功利主义，及其与现代政治的相关性。 4. 马克思主义及其失败与遗产：关注马克思启蒙理论的基础及资本主义理论的重大弱点。 5. 社会契约传统 I：分析社会契约传统的经典表述，并探讨其与当代政治辩论的关系。 6. 社会契约传统 II：继续深入探讨社会契约的经典表述及现代相关讨论。 7. 反启蒙政治：考察对启蒙政治思想的拒绝及其经典与现代的表述。 8. 民主：讨论民主政治的本质、正当性及其与启蒙和反启蒙政治思想的联系。
Name:Welcome to Moral Foundations of Politics
Description:Welcome to the course. Meet your instructor and learn about the structure of the course and what makes it distinctive.
Name:Enlightenment Political Theory
Description:This module explores what makes a government legitimate. More specifically, was the Third Reich illegitimate and was Eichmann breaking some kind of higher law here?
Name:Utilitarianism: Classical and Neoclassical
Description:Classical and neoclassical utilitarianism are examined in this module starting with the historical context. Professor Shapiro then shifts to the contemporary debates as they relate to politics today.
Name:Marxism, Its Failures and Its Legacy
Description:This module on Marx's Enlightenment theory focuses on the foundations of capitalism theory and its major weaknesses.
Name:The Social Contract Tradition I
Description:This module looks at classical formulations of the Social Contract Tradition, locating them in historical context, but then shifts to the contemporary debates as they relate to politics today.
Name:The Social Contract Tradition II
Description:This module looks at classical formulations of the Social Contract Tradition, locating them in historical context, but then shifts to the contemporary debates as they relate to politics today.
Name:Anti-Enlightenment Politics
Description:This module explores the rejection of Enlightenment political thinking, again exploring both classical and contemporary formulations.
Name:Democracy
Description:This module deals with the nature of, and justifications for, democratic politics, and their relations to Enlightenment and Anti-Enlightenment political thinking.
When do governments deserve our allegiance, and when should they be denied it? This course explores the main answers that have been given to this question in the modern West. We start with a survey of the major political theories of the Enlightenment: Utilitarianism, Marxism, and the social contract tradition. In each case, we begin with a look at classical formulations, locating them in historical context, but then shift to the contemporary debates as they relate to politics today. Next, we turn to the rejection of Enlightenment political thinking, again exploring both classical and contemporary formulations. The last part of the course deals with the nature of, and justifications for, democratic politics, and their relations to Enlightenment and Anti-Enlightenment political thinking. In addition to exploring theoretical differences among the various authors discussed, considerable attention is devoted to the practical implications of their competing arguments. To this end, we discuss a variety of concrete problems, including debates about economic inequality, affirmative action and the distribution of health care, the limits of state power in the regulation of speech and religion, and difficulties raised by the emerging threat of global environmental decay.
