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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/modern-middle-east-1
课程评论：没有评论
课程名称：现代中东的兴起 - 第一部分 概述：本课程将回顾现代中东的兴起，时间从第一次世界大战结束后奥斯曼帝国的崩溃到现在。我们将讨论奥斯曼遗产在该地区的影响以及西方帝国对阿拉伯国家体系形成的影响。课程还将审视阿拉伯民族主义的兴起与衰退、阿拉伯国家内部凝聚力的问题、宗教与国家的关系，以及伊斯兰政治的演变。 课程大纲： 1. 课程简介 - 本节课将定位中东在时间和空间上的位置，了解19世纪中东的社会、经济结构及政治动态。我们将探讨18世纪末期发生的重大变化，尤其是欧洲与中东之间日益扩大的差距，以及这一变化对该地区未来的影响。最后将讨论“东方问题”，即奥斯曼帝国的命运和欧洲权力平衡。 2. 现代性、传统与改革时代 - 在第二节课中，我们将讨论现代性与传统在中东的冲突。欧洲思想的渗透导致19世纪中东的改革进程，我们将分析奥斯曼帝国和埃及两个改革中心。课程还将探讨伊斯兰思想家如何在信仰与世俗之间寻求妥协，以及他们在某些时候如何走向更为极端的方向。 3. 民族主义的兴起；帝国的衰亡 - 第三节课将见证中东民族主义的兴起。在19世纪末至20世纪初，民族主义成为知识分子和城市精英中更为被接受的思想。我们将集中讨论土耳其、埃及和阿拉伯三个民族主义运动的出现与发展，以及第一次世界大战如何导致奥斯曼帝国的解体和阿拉伯国家400年统治的结束，最后探讨中东在第一次世界大战后是如何形成现有的格局。 4. 中东国家体系的创建 - 第四节课将讨论第一次世界大战后，根据英法设计形成的中东国家体系。我们将讨论埃及如何因其特殊的历史发展在1920至1930年代进行独特的自由实验，并逐渐转向伊斯兰与阿拉伯民族主义。然后，我们将比较肥沃新月地区与埃及，探讨英国（巴勒斯坦、约旦、伊拉克）和法国（叙利亚、大黎巴嫩）的托管制度的形成。我们亦会讨论土耳其的成立及其现代化改革，最后回顾伊朗自16世纪以来的历史及其政治文化中什叶派的基本原则。
Name:Intro
Description:In our first lesson, we will locate the Middle East in time and space. We will get to know the 19th-century Middle East, the structure of its society and economy as well as the dynamics of its politics. We will then look into the dramatic change that took place in the last quarter of the 18th century, that is the widening gap between Europe and the Middle East as we will dwell on the impact this change had on the future of the region. We will conclude our first lesson with a discussion on the "Eastern Question," which refers to the fate of the Ottoman Empire and the balance of power in Europe.
Name:Modernity, Tradition and the Age of Reform
Description:Our second lesson is a discussion on the forces of modernity and tradition in the Middle East. The filtering of European ideas into the Middle East engendered a process of reform in the region throughout much of the 19th century. We will analyse two centres of reform in this respect, namely the Ottoman Empire and Egypt. This analysis will take us next to the Islamic responses to the crisis of modernity as a result of the inherent tension between faith and secularism. We will see how various Islamic thinkers tried to find a compromise between these obvious tensions and at times went in more fundamentalist directions.
Name:The Rise of Nationalism; The Demise of Empire
Description:In lesson three, we will witness the rise of nationalism in the Middle East, as it became a much more acceptable idea in the late 19th and early 20th century among an intellectual, elitist, urban minority, who were the graduates of western-style schools (remember lesson two and the process of reform!). We will concentrate on the emergence and development of three nationalist movements; Turkish, Egyptian and Arab. Lastly, we will speak about the First World War and how it brought the end of the Ottoman Empire as well as the end of 400 years of Ottoman Turkish rule in the Arab countries. We will also see how the Middle East began to take its current shape following the First World War.
Name:The Creation of the Middle East State System
Description:In our fourth lesson, we will be speaking about the creation of the Middle East state system in accordance with British and French designs after the First World War. First, we will discuss Egypt and how its distinct historical development gave way to a unique liberal experiment in Egypt during the 1920s and 1930s and consequently to a steady shift toward Islam and Arab nationalism. Second, we will discuss the area of the Fertile Crescent in comparison to Egypt and the creation of British (Palestine, Trans-Jordan, Iraq) and French mandates (Syria, Greater Lebanon) in this region. Our attention will then shift to the non-Arab states. We will learn about the creation of the Republic of Turkey on the ruins of the Ottoman Empire and the sweeping process of modernising reform under Mustafa Kemal. Lastly, we will take a look at Iran, which was, like Turkey, not a new state created by the Great Powers but a country with a long history and cultural tradition. Our discussion on Iran will include an overview of its history from early 16th century onwards as well as the basic principles of the Shi'a which shaped greatly the political culture in Iran.
This course will review the emergence of the modern Middle East from the fall of the Ottoman Empire, at the end of the First World War to the present. We will discuss the Ottoman legacy in the region and the Western imperial impact on the creation of the Arab state system. The course will review the rise and retreat of Arab nationalism, the problems of internal cohesion of the Arab states, issues of religion and state, and the evolution of Islamist politics. We will also focus on the evolution o
