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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/mechanics-particles-planets
课程评论：没有评论
课程名称：力学：运动、力、能量与引力，从粒子到行星 课程概述： 大多数自然现象在根本层面上都基于物理学，而大部分物理学又是建立在力学的基础之上。力学首先量化运动，然后通过力、能量和动量来解释运动。这使我们能够分析我们身边许多熟悉的现象，也包括行星、恒星和星系的力学。本课程是按需学习，适合高中生、初入大学的学生以及对基础物理感兴趣的任何人（调查显示，许多科学教师也会使用这个课程）。 本课程通过丰富的多媒体教程呈现材料，包括关键实验的电影片段、动画和详细的示例问题，配有友好的讲解。你将完成一系列有趣的练习题，并在可选的组件中，使用简单的日常材料进行家庭实验。 学习本课程需要一些高中数学基础，包括算术、少量代数、二次方程以及三角函数（正弦、余弦和正切）。该课程不使用微积分，但我们提供了一份学习辅导，介绍如果在大学中教授该课程所需的微积分知识。 通过学习力学，你将更深入地理解日常生活中的许多奥秘、科技以及宇宙的广阔。同时，我们相信你也会享受这个过程。 课程大纲： 1. 介绍与基本工具：该部分介绍你解决后续物理问题所需的一些基本工具。 2. 速度与加速度：在这一部分，我们介绍运动学，描述和量化物体随时间在空间中的移动。 3. 二维运动：我们讨论二维运动中的运动学，特别是抛体运动和圆周运动。 4. 牛顿运动定律：我们开始使用牛顿的三大运动定律来解释和分析运动，这对于理解周围世界的运动至关重要。 5. 重力、摩擦力和弹簧力：在这部分中，我们区分重力和质量，引入胡克定律，探讨接触物体之间的力。 6. 功、能量与功率：这一周我们探讨功和能量，以及功率的定义和实际应用。 7. 动量与碰撞：通过定义动量来分析弹性和非弹性碰撞，进行一些有趣的实验。 8. 引力：我们探讨引力如何支配太阳系、银河系和宇宙，讨论逃逸速度、轨道、卫星操作和黑洞等主题。 通过课程的学习，你将能够更好地理解力学的基本原理，及其在自然和科技中的应用。
Name:Introduction and Basic Tools
Description:This introductory section covers some basic tools you will need to solve some of the physics problems we will encounter later.
Name:Velocity and Acceleration
Description:Here we introduce kinematics, in which we describe and quantify movement of objects through space over time. Motion is so important to mechanics (and most of physics) that we'll spend a few weeks establishing the tools and techniques we'll need. We'll leave explaining motion to the later weeks, starting with Newton's laws in week 4. Here we study the simplest case: motion in a straight line.
Name:Motion in Two Dimensions
Description:Here we look at kinematics in two-dimensions – specifically, projectiles and objects in circular motion.
Name:Newton's Laws of Motion
Description:After describing and quantifying motion (weeks 2 and 3), we now start explaining it with Newton's three laws of motion. Knowledge of Newton's laws and the ability to apply them to various situations will allow us to explain much of the motion we observe in the world around us. They are also very important for analysing things (like bridges) that don't move much (a subject called Statics that's important in some Engineering programs). Because Newton's laws are so important, week 4 has five lessons, as well as slightly longer quizzes than the previous chapters.
Name:Weight, Friction and Spring Forces
Description:We return to the difference between weight and mass. We introduce Hooke's law for elastic deformations. We consider forces between objects in contact and (for convenience) resolve them into their normal and frictional components – and as usual give you some problems to solve.
Name:Work, Energy and Power
Description:In week 6 we explore work and energy, then power – the rate of doing work. We'll use work and Newton's second law to derive the quantity called kinetic energy. Looking at where work comes from, we'll distinguish two sorts of force – conservative and non-conservative. That will allow us to introduce potential energy and mechanical energy. Power is the rate of doing work. We'll spend some time relating these quantities and their units to your everyday experience, relating Joules to kilowatt hours (the unit used by electricity companies) and kilowatts to horsepower and to human power.
Name:Momentum and Collisions
Description:It’s time for some smashing fun! Once we've defined momentum we'll use momentum to analyse elastic and inelastic collisions. Stand by for hammers, skateboards, car crashes and a bed of nails…
Name:Gravity
Description:For as long as history – and probably much longer – people have stared at the planets and stars and wondered. Why do they shine? What keeps them moving? Why don't they fall down? So next is gravity – and how it runs the solar system, the galaxy and the universe. Escape speed, orbits, satellite manoeuvring, black holes: yes, all of the these.
Most of the phenomena in the world around you are, at the fundamental level, based on physics, and much of physics is based on mechanics. Mechanics begins by quantifying motion, and then explaining it in terms of forces, energy and momentum. This allows us to analyse the operation of many familiar phenomena around us, but also the mechanics of planets, stars and galaxies. This on-demand course is recommended for senior high school and beginning university students and anyone with a curiosity about basic physics. (The survey tells us that it's often used by science teachers, too.) The course uses rich multimedia tutorials to present the material: film clips of key experiments, animations and worked example problems, all with a friendly narrator. You'll do a range of interesting practice problems, and in an optional component, you will use your ingenuity to complete at-home experiments using simple, everyday materials. You will need some high-school mathematics: arithmetic, a little algebra, quadratic equations, and the sine, cosine and tangent functions from trigonometry. The course does not use calculus. However, we do provide a study aid introducing the calculus that would accompany this course if it were taught in a university. By studying mechanics in this course, you will understand with greater depth many of the wonders around you in everyday life, in technology and in the universe at large. Meanwhile, we think you'll have some fun, too.
