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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/materials-science
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课程名称：材料科学：每位工程师应知的10件事 课程概述：本课程探索“10件事”，涵盖工程师在其专业中可用的材料种类，以及这些材料在各个工程领域使用的重要机械和电气特性。课程还讨论了这些材料制造背后的原理。 学习目标： * 识别现代工程应用中使用的材料的重要方面。 * 解释材料科学的基本原理：“结构导致特性”。 * 确定热激活过程在这些重要“事物”中的作用，并通过阿伦尼乌斯关系加以说明。 * 将这些主题与您生活和工作中出现（或可能出现）的问题联系起来。 深入学习：如需更深入的学习，可购买J.F. Shackelford的教材：《工程师的材料科学导论》（第八版），Pearson Prentice-Hall出版社，2015年。 课程大纲： 1. 课程概述/材料菜单/点缺陷解释固态扩散：学习六种工程材料的分类，讨论材料结构与特性之间的关系，并分析点缺陷如何解释固态扩散及其在晶体中的应用。 2. 位错解释塑性变形/应力与应变 - “四大”机械性质：探讨位错如何解释材料的塑性变形，以及应力与应变之间的比较，介绍弹性、屈服强度、抗拉强度和延展性等四大机械性质。 3. 螺纹变形/韧脆转变：探索螺纹变形，分析螺纹曲线，研究韧脆转变与特定晶体结构（体心立方结构）的关系。 4. 断裂韧性/疲劳：审视临界缺陷的概念，定义断裂韧性并讨论如何以良好和不良的方式导致物体破坏，分析工程材料中的疲劳现象。 5. 快速与缓慢制造/半导体的简史：分析如何实现快速与缓慢制造，探讨铅锡相图的实际应用及其在快速制造中的比较，讨论半导体材料在现代电子产业中的作用及其内在和外在行为。 通过本课程，您将全面了解材料科学的基本概念，为您的工程实践打下坚实的基础。
Name:Course Overview / The Menu of Materials / Point Defects Explain Solid State Diffusion
Description:Welcome to week 1! In lesson one, you will learn to recognize the six categories of engineering materials through examples from everyday life, and we’ll discuss how the structure of those materials leads to their properties. Lesson two explores how point defects explain solid state diffusion. We will illustrate crystallography – the atomic-scale arrangement of atoms that we can see with the electron microscope. We will also describe the Arrhenius Relationship, and apply it to the number of vacancies in a crystal. We’ll finish by discussing how point defects facilitate solid state diffusion, and applying the Arrhenius Relationship to solid state diffusion.
Name:Dislocations Explain Plastic Deformation / Stress vs. Strain -The “Big Four” Mechanical Properties
Description:Welcome to week 2! In lesson three we will discover how dislocations at the atomic-level structure of materials explain plastic (permanent) deformation. You will learn to define a linear defect and see how materials deform through dislocation motion. Lesson four compares stress versus strain, and introduces the “Big Four” mechanical properties of elasticity, yield strength, tensile strength, and ductility. You’ll assess what happens beyond the tensile strength of an object. And you’ll learn about a fifth important property – toughness.
Name:Creep Deformation / The Ductile-to-Brittle Transition
Description:Welcome to week 3! In lesson five we’ll explore creep deformation and learn to analyze a creep curve. We’ll apply the Arrhenius Relationship to creep deformation and identify the mechanisms of creep deformation. In lesson six we find that the phenomenon of ductile-to-brittle transition is related to a particular crystal structure (the body-centered cubic). We’ll also learn to plot the ductile-to-brittle transition for further analysis.
Name:Fracture Toughness / Fatigue
Description:Welcome to week 4! In lesson seven we will examine the concept of critical flaws. We’ll define fracture toughness and critical flaw size with the design plot. We’ll also distinguish how we break things in good and bad ways. Lesson eight explores the concept of fatigue in engineering materials. We’ll define fatigue and examine the fatigue curve and fatigue strength. We’ll also identify mechanisms of fatigue.
Name:Making Things Fast and Slow / A Brief History of Semiconductors
Description:Welcome to week 5! In lesson nine we’ll deal with how to make things fast and slow. We’ll examine the lead-tin phase diagram and look at its practical applications as an example of making something slowly. Then we’ll evaluate the TTT diagram for eutectoid steel, and compare diffusional to diffusionless transformations with the TTT diagram, monitoring how we make things rapidly. Lesson ten is a brief history of semiconductors. Here, we discuss the role of semiconductor materials in the modern electronics industry. Our friend Arrhenius is back again, and this time we’re applying the Arrhenius Relationship to both intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. We’ll also look at combined intrinsic and extrinsic behavior.
We explore “10 things” that range from the menu of materials available to engineers in their profession to the many mechanical and electrical properties of materials important to their use in various engineering fields. We also discuss the principles behind the manufacturing of those materials. By the end of the course, you will be able to: * Recognize the important aspects of the materials used in modern engineering applications, * Explain the underlying principle of materials science: “structure leads to properties,” * Identify the role of thermally activated processes in many of these important “things” – as illustrated by the Arrhenius relationship. * Relate each of these topics to issues that have arisen (or potentially could arise) in your life and work. If you would like to explore the topic in more depth you may purchase Dr. Shackelford's Textbook: J.F. Shackelford, Introduction to Materials Science for Engineers, Eighth Edition, Pearson Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2015
