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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/marine-biology
课程评论：没有评论
课程名称：海洋生物学 概述：本课程探讨了海洋生物的多样性，从阳光普照的表层到深不可测的海底，从微小的浮游植物到庞大的蓝鲸。海洋环境被认为是科学研究中最严酷的领域之一，这也是导致我们对海底了解程度与对月球表面相当的原因。本课程揭示了海洋生物的进化历史、水中生存的适应性、海洋动物的行为与功能形态，以及物种之间的相互作用。 课程大纲： 1. **生物如何适应海洋生活？** - 探讨地球生命是否起源于海洋，海洋生物与陆地生物的多样性对比，进化的力量以及面临的威胁。课程将介绍课程作者的研究，并讨论破坏性捕鱼技术对鱿鱼生态系统的影响，以及生物荧光和生物发光如何帮助深海生物生存与繁殖。 2. **海洋环境的物理特性及其对生命的影响** - 研究海水的化学与物理特性（如温度、盐度、酸碱度和压力），以及它们对海洋生物的影响。探讨水的全球循环及其与生物的相互关系，并探访一位生物工程师的研究，了解其设计的设备如何揭示未被深入研究的水母等生物的脉动影像。 3. **物种在海洋中的相互作用** - 探索海洋生态系统中的物质与能量的流动，研究从光合生物到顶级捕食者的食物链。分析海洋生物如何相互帮助或伤害，以及这些相互作用如何驱动进化。通过案例研究，观察海洋科学家研究的海豚如何捕猎和其猎物在深浅水域的迁徙规律。 4. **海洋巨人：蓝鲸如何长得如此巨大？（案例研究）** - 深入研究蓝鲸——地球上最大的动物及其迁徙习性。探讨蓝鲸如何以微小的磷虾为食，科学家利用多传感器标签来观察和分析蓝鲸的行为，揭示其生活的生态系统。 5. **海洋生态系统的重要性** - 讨论海洋生命面临的严重威胁，以及科学家们在应对这些挑战中的努力。研究“超级珊瑚”如何抵御温暖海水，以及人类与海洋之间的关系，探讨海洋所提供的服务、人类活动对其造成的威胁及相应的保护策略。 本课程将为学习者提供丰富的海洋生物学知识，帮助他们理解海洋生态系统的复杂性及其对人类生活的重要性。
Name:How have organisms adapted to living in the ocean?
Description:Did life on Earth begin in the ocean? How diverse are marine organisms, compared to those on land? What are the forces that shaped their evolution, and what threats do they face? We begin our course by investigating questions whose answers are far less straightforward than you might think. Here we will meet our course authors and look through a porthole onto their scientific research. We will learn how destructive fishing techniques are affecting the ecosystems of squid species and how biofluorescence and bioluminescence help mysterious deep-sea creatures survive and reproduce.
Name:What are the physical properties of the marine environment and how do they affect life?
Description:Just as life on land depends on the air we breathe, life in the ocean depends on water. What are the properties of seawater, and how are they important to life? This week we will examine seawater’s chemical and physical characteristics—things like temperature, salinity, acidity, pressure, and the transmission of sunlight—that profoundly affect the organisms living in it. We’ll study how water moves through the ocean and beyond, in a great global cycle that includes internal motion like tides and currents, but also processes like evaporation, precipitation, and wind, which take place outside the ocean. Then we will look at how organisms take advantage of all this motion. How do the water’s properties allow marine life to find food, escape from predators, meet mates, and spread their offspring? Finally, we will a visit with a bioengineer who designs her own equipment to create pulsing images of a previously little-studied organism, a gelatinous filter-feeder that’s enormously important in its ecosystem.
Name:How do species interact in the ocean?
Description:This week we will examine another aspect of motion underwater: how matter and energy move through marine ecosystems, from the photosynthetic organisms that capture sunlight at the base of the food pyramid to the huge predators at the top, as well as the organisms that cycle waste and dead creatures back into the system. What lives where, and why? How do the movement of matter and energy affect the patterns of life in the ocean?We will take a closer look at principles of ecology and how they apply in marine environments. How do species interact within a community? How do they help and harm one another, and how do their interactions drive their evolution? In a case study, we will visit a marine scientist who studies dolphins that herd their prey and find out about the daily migrations those prey species make between deep and shallow waters.
Name:Giants of the Sea: How did Blue Whales Get So Big? (A Case Study)
Description:Blue whales are the largest animals that ever lived and have among the longest migrations of any mammalian species. Their massive body size and range bring with them a unique set of challenges. How do blue whales get enough energy feasting on just tiny krill? A group of scientists, including biologist Jeremy Goldbogen at Hopkins Marine Station at Stanford University, has revolutionized the study of whale behavior by developing and deploying multi-sensor tags on whales. The scientists look for patterns in their data in order to understand what whales are doing during their deep dives, and what this behavior reveals about the ecosystems the whales inhabit.
Name:How are Marine Ecosystems Important?
Description:The threats to ocean life are numerous and dire, but they are not foretold. For example, “super corals” appear to be resistant to warming waters and scientists are successfully replanting samples in vulnerable reefs. This week we investigate the relationship between humans and the ocean: the services the oceans provide, how those services are threatened by human activity, and what might be done to mitigate these threats. We also look at a number of other scientists who are working from many disciplines on conservation strategies.
This course is about life in the oceans, from the sunlit surface to the inky depths, from microscopic phytoplankton to the great blue whale. The ocean is among the world’s most inhospitable environments for scientific research, which is why we know as much about the surface of the moon as we do the bottom of the sea. This course uncovers the evolutionary history of marine organisms, adaptations to life in water, the behavior and functional morphology of sea animals, interactions between species,
