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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/human-language
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课程名称：人类语言的奇迹：语言学导论 概述：语言是人类生活中无处不在的常态，无论如何小或孤立的社会，都有着丰富多彩的语言。该课程引导您了解语言学，包含著名语言学家的访谈，以及不同语言的使用者。加入我们，一起探讨人类语言的奇迹！您将通过与世界各地语言使用者及诺姆·乔姆斯基、阿黛尔·戈德堡等著名语言学家的交流，理解并分析您的母语与其他语言的异同。课程将帮助您掌握语言学基础概念，了解大语言和小语言的关键特征，深入洞察语言学家的工作。 本课程为语言学的学习提供了一个入门，您将了解语言之间的差异及单一语言的内部结构。无论是打算深入学习语言学，还是对心理学、计算机科学或人类学等邻近学科感兴趣的人，皆欢迎参与。此外，课程将帮助您提升分析能力。 如果您渴望理解语言的运作方式及其对人类思维的洞察，本课程绝对适合您！ 课程大纲： 1. 语言学导论：探讨语言在人类中的独特性，以及人类语言与动物沟通系统的不同之处；了解语言学家的工作和研究方法，并与课程参与者互动。 2. 声音的研究：音位学与语音学：深入研究口语语言的基本构成要素——声音，并探讨更微小的语言构成元素。 3. 单词和句子的研究：形态学与句法学：讨论语言的单词与句子，探讨不同语言的组织差异，并通过与诺姆·乔姆斯基的访谈深化理解。 4. 意义的研究：语用学与语义学：研究词义的确定及语言如何影响思维，并与计算语言学的专家进行访谈。 5. 大脑中的语言：分析言语错误及日常交流中的语言使用，探索语言学家的研究成果。 6. 社会中的语言：研究语言的变化及社交中的语言使用，学习如何保持礼貌，同时与阿黛尔·戈德堡进行对话，探讨与之前乔姆斯基所讨论的语言观的不同。 课程通过模块化的学习，带您逐步深入语言学的丰富世界，培养您对语言的深入思考。
Name:Introduction to Linguistics
Description:In this first week, we will try to determine what makes language human: why do (almost) all human beings have a language, and what makes human language different from animal communication systems? We will furthermore discuss the many different places where linguists work, and the many different methodologies that they use for conducting their research. You will moreover get to know all the other participants in this MOOC: my students Inge and Marten, as well as the speakers of six different languages. Finally, don't forget to watch our first expert interview: Marten and Inge have talked with Dr. Victoria Nyst of Leiden University, who has enlightened us in the fascinating world of sign languages! For the assignments with the support of Ethnologue, please make sure to study the instructions listed in 'required and optional readings' of this module.
Name:The study of sound: Phonology and Phonetics
Description:In this module we will delve into what appear to be the smallest building blocks of spoken language: 'sounds'. As we will see however, all is not what it seems, as we will in fact encounter an even smaller building block of language, a true atom. Another interesting thing about this module is that as of this week our 6 informants will all only speak their own language. Naturally, there is also an interview with my very special friend Prof. dr. Claartje Levelt, whom I have announced before.
Name:The study of words and sentences: Morphology and Syntax
Description:In this module we will discuss words and sentences. All languages have them; but as I will illustrate, they can be organized in very different ways in different languages. I will furthermore demonstrate what cupcakes have in common with words in a sentence. This module's interview is with one of the most cited and re-knowned linguists alive, Prof. Noam Chomsky! Finally, our 6 language informants will provide us with information about the word order in their languages.
Name:The study of meaning: Pragmatics and Semantics
Description:This module deals with a topic which many of you find very interesting: meaning. How do we determine what a word means? To what extent does our language influence our thinking? How can we change the world with language? As usual, we also have an additional interview with an expert of the current module's theme: in this module Barend Beekhuizen talks to Inge and Marten about his work as a Leiden PhD student in computational linguistics.
Name:Language in the Brain
Description:This module features all of the well-known parts of the current MOOC. Informants tell us about speech errors in their native tongue, I discuss everyday mistakes with my students Marten and Inge, and we have an interview with Prof. Niels Schiller of Leiden University. He discusses with us his own research among others. We moreover go on a little outing, to see linguists in their natural habitat! Furthermore, thanks to our friends at 'Babel, -The Language Magazine' we have some interesting reading for you. For example, linguist Jörg Schwyter tells us all about how he had to deal with aphasia, and how that has influenced him as a multilingual speaker.
Name:Language in the Society
Description:In the previous modules we have dissected the structure of languages, but now we will study language in its real context: how does language change? How do people use language to be polite? Our informants are demonstrating their acting skills, and furthermore we have an interview with Prof. Adele Goldberg! She presents us with an alternative view of language, compared to the one as previously discussed by Prof. Chomsky in the third module.
Everywhere, every day, everybody uses language. There is no human society, no matter how small or how isolated, which does not employ a language that is rich and diverse. This course introduces you to linguistics, featuring interviews with well-known linguists and with speakers of many different languages. Join us to explore the miracles of human language! The Miracles of Human Language introduces you to the many-faceted study of languages, which has amazed humans since the beginning of history. Together with speakers of many other languages around the world, as well as with famous linguists such as Noam Chomsky and Adele Goldberg, you will learn to understand and analyse how your native tongue is at the same time similar and different from many other languages. You will learn the basic concepts of linguistics, get to know some of the key features of big and small languages and get insight into what linguists do. This course gives an introduction into the study of languages, the field of linguistics. With the support of the basic linguistic terminology that is offered in the course, you will soon be able to comment both on variety between languages, as well as on a single language’s internal structure. Anyone who wishes to understand how languages work, and how they can give us insight into the human mind is very welcome to join. The course is useful if you want to get a fairly quick introduction into linguistics, for instance because you are considering studying it further, or because you are interested in a neighbouring discipline such as psychology, computer science or anthropology. Furthermore, the course will help you develop analytical skills. If you are curious to understand how language works and how it gives insight into the human mind, this course is definitely for you!
