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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/henry
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课程名称: Patrick Henry: 被遗忘的创始人 课程概述: “给我自由，或给我死亡”：纪念被遗忘的创始人帕特里克·亨利 帕特里克·亨利在美国独立战争期间非常受欢迎。即便是托马斯·杰斐逊，尽管后来对亨利产生了深深的厌恶（有人说这是嫉妒），也不得不承认：“现在很难说如果没有帕特里克·亨利，我们该如何做。” 爱德蒙·兰道夫，作为 patriot 领袖的他指出：“正是帕特里克·亨利唤醒了他国家的才智，团结了一群爱国者，向强大的大英帝国发出挑战。” 然而，今天的亨利鲜为人知，大多数美国人可能只记得他那句著名演讲中的片段：“给我自由，或给我死亡。” 我们对亨利历史遗忘的原因有很多：革命之后，亨利选择反对美国宪法的批准，认为它创造了一个遥远并且过于强大的政府，并且拒绝了乔治·华盛顿政府中的职位，从而使他的历史记忆减弱。更重要的是，亨利在1799年去世，正值他在华盛顿的劝说下反对杰斐逊和詹姆斯·麦迪逊对美国政府进行极端州权攻击的政治运动之后，杰斐逊接下来的二十六年中系统性地攻击亨利的遗产。 帕特里克·亨利帮助点燃了一场革命，他应得到更好的评价。本课程将探讨他是如何克服挑战，攀登维吉尼亚政治巅峰，并团结美国人在对抗当时超级大国大英帝国的斗争中，不仅反对美国宪法的原因，还辩护人民宪法的理由。 参与者应评估亨利在宣告革命中的作用，思考他是否在挽救革命中也发挥了同样重要的角色。课程还将帮助大家更好地理解塑造早期共和国的复杂政治、经济和宗教力量。作为一门传记课程，它展示了在最基础的国家历史中，个性是如何起重要作用的。 课程大纲: 1. 课程介绍 2. 帕特里克·亨利：失败与成功 3. 革命时代的亨利 4. 宪法时代的亨利 5. 帕特里克·亨利的遗产
Name:Course Introduction
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Name:Patrick Henry: Failure and Success
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Name:Revolutionary Henry
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Name:Constitutional Henry
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Name:Patrick Henry Legacy
Description:
“Give me liberty, or give me death:” Remembering Patrick Henry, the Forgotten Founder Patrick Henry was enormously popular during the American Revolution. Even Thomas Jefferson, who over time developed a deep loathing of Henry (some would say jealousy), had to admit that “it is not now easy to say what we should have done without Patrick Henry.” Edmund Randolph, a patriot leader in his own right, explained that “It was Patrick Henry … awakening the genius of his country, and binding a band of patriots together to hurl defiance at the tyranny of so formidable a nation as Great Britain.” Yet, today, Patrick Henry is ill-remembered; most Americans might recall at best perhaps a snippet from a famous speech: “give me liberty, or give me death.” The reasons for our historic forgetfulness are several: after the Revolution, Henry chose to oppose ratification of the U.S. Constitution, believing that it created a distant and too-powerful government, and he refused proffered position in George Washington’s administration, diminishing his historic memory. Equally important, Henry died in 1799 shortly after a political campaign in which, at Washington’s behest, he opposed Jefferson’s and James Madison’s ill-advised radical states’ rights attack on the U.S. government, and Jefferson spent the next twenty-six years systematically attacking Henry’s legacy. Patrick Henry, who helped to ignite a revolution, deserves better. This course will explore how he over¬came challenges to reach the pinnacle of Virginia politics and unite Americans behind a challenge to Britain – the eighteenth century’s super-power, why he opposed the U.S. Constitu¬tion, and why he then came out of retirement to defend the people’s Constitution against the attacks of Jefferson and Madison. Participants should evaluate Henry’s role in proclaiming a revolution and consider whether he had an equally important role in saving it. The course should also develop an improved appreciation for the complex political, economic, and religious forces that shaped the early republic. As a biographical course, it also demonstrates how personalities play an important role in even the most foundational national history. Image Attribution: The background image for this webpage is Patrick Henry before the Virginia House of Burgesses by Peter F. Rothermel (1851) with special thanks to the owner, the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation. The painting of Patrick Henry's 1765 "Caesar had his Brutus" speech (discussed in the second lecture) is entirely romanticized -- neither Henry nor the House of Burgesses looked at all like this -- but it does show that hagiography of Henry, almost god-like veneration, began shortly after this death.
