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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/gis-2
课程评论：没有评论
这门课程名为《地理信息系统 - 第2部分》，是关于地理信息系统（GIS）理论和实践基础的系列课程的第二部分。该课程旨在为没有计算机基础的学习者提供GIS的入门知识，使他们能够迅速掌握创建空间数据库和生成地理地图的基本技能。课程使用免费的开源软件（如QGIS和Geoda）进行实践。 在第一部分中，学习者了解了土地数字化和地理数据存储的基础知识，主要涉及以下内容： - 从空间建模的角度对空间对象和现象进行特征化，包括坐标系、投影和空间关系； - 使用多种数据获取方法（直接测量、图像地理参考、数字化等）； - 采用不同的地理数据存储方法（简单文件和关系数据库）； - 使用数据建模工具描述和实施数据库； - 创建查询和数据操作。 在课程的第二部分，重点是空间分析方法和地理信息表示技术。学习者将学习如何： - 分析离散变量的空间属性，例如量化空间自相关； - 处理连续变量（采样、插值和构建等值线）； - 使用数字高程模型（DEMs）及其衍生物（坡度、朝向等）； - 采用地理数据叠加技术； - 根据图形的半要素法制作制图文档； - 探讨其他空间表示形式（网络互动制图、3D表示和增强现实）。 此外，课程还为参与者提供了一个互动论坛，网址为：https://www.facebook.com/moocsig。 课程大纲概述： 1. 离散空间现象 - 模拟离散空间现象的几何、主题和空间维度，描述空间对象的不同特征。 2. 连续空间现象 - 研讨如何定义和处理在地理空间中连续变化的现象，如土壤湿度和污染物浓度等。 3. 数字高程模型 - 介绍获取高程数据的方法及其在空间分析中的重要性。 4. 数据层集成 - 通过空间叠加技术，实现来自不同来源或格式的数据的整合。 5. 主题制图与图形半要素法 - 学习如何有效展示地理信息，并使用QGIS Print Composer创建主题地图。 6. 其他表示形式 - 探讨通过动态网页制图、3D表现和增强现实等替代方法展现地理信息。 此课程提供了一个全面的GIS学习体验，使学习者能够在实际应用中提升他们的技能。
Part: 1
Title:Discrete Spatial Phenomena (Module 3)
Description:Objects in geographic space are modeled as discontinuous spatial phenomena whose properties are defined according to the geometric, thematic and spatial dimensions: geometric. The properties of these spatial objects can be described by different indices that characterize an object’s shape, size, spatial distribution or even its spatial dependence. When considered simultaneously, in conjunction with the study context, these indices describe the landscape under investigation.
Part: 2
Title:Continuous Spatial Phenomena (Module 3)
Description:A phenomenon is considered spatially continuous if it is defined at all points in geographic space, and if its properties vary locally in a gradual and structured manner. Elevation, soil humidity, heavy metal concentration and other soil contaminants are common examples of continuous spatial phenomena. This module will begin by touching on different sampling methods, then deterministic interpolation methods that do not require any a priori study of the phenomenon. Working to the heart of the lesson, we will then introduce geostatistics, which are based on the notion of random functions, and we will finish by discussing the concepts and application of regionalized variables, variogram analysis and kriging.
Part: 3
Title:Digital Elevation Models (Module 3)
Description:Topographical relief plays both a revealing and explanatory role in determining the way phenomena unfold on the Earth’s surface. It constitutes an important element in the determination of human settlement patterns and also controls environmental conditions that favor, or hamper, the establishment and development of different plant and animal colonies. Correspondingly, relief occupies a central position in spatial analysis and is important for any discipline that is interested in human activity or natural phenomena. This chapter will present a brief overview of the different methods used to acquire elevation data and will also cover the algorithms, and their properties, that are used to derive important descriptive indicators of relief.
Part: 4
Title:Integrating Data Layers (Module 3)
Description:Through spatial overlay, GIS can be used to combine data from different sources or in different formats (raster or vector) by transferring information between layers according to their spatial relationships. Often the analysis of geographically distributed phenomena requires that data from different sources can be considered simultaneously. This is made possible through spatial overlay - the defining functionality and primary advantage of geographic information systems.
Part: 5
Title:Thematic Mapping and the Semiology of Graphics (Module 4)
Description:This week, you will learn how apply established rules from thematic mapping in order to effectively present geographic information. You will learn how to treat quantitative or qualitative information, and we will show you how to use the QGIS Print Composer so that you can create your own thematic maps. Thematic maps should be created with a certain number of constraints in mind. These rules - for example, to choose color palettes that respect the semiology of graphics, to ensure that your map includes a number of essential components such as a legend, scale, data sources and description – ensure efficient information transfer and effective interpretation.
Part: 6
Title:Other Forms of Representation (Module 4)
Description:In this final week of our course, we will focus on alternative methods of representing geographic information, particularly through dynamic web-based mapping, three dimensional representations and, finally, we will see how augmented reality can be incorporated into geographic information systems.
This course is the second part of a course dedicated to the theoretical and practical bases of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It offers an introduction to GIS that does not require prior computer skills. It gives the opportunity to quickly acquire the basics that allow you to create spatial databases and produce geographic maps. This is a practical course that relies on the use of free Open Source software (QGIS, Geoda). In the first part of the course (Geographical Information Systems - Part 1), you explored the basics of land digitization and geodata storage. In particular, you learned how to: - Characterize spatial objects and phenomena (spatial modeling) from the point of view of their positioning in space (coordinate systems and projections, spatial relationships) and according to their intrinsic nature (object or vector mode vs. image or raster mode); - Use various data acquisition methods (direct measurement, georeferencing of images, digitization, existing data source, etc.); - Use various geodata storage methods (simple files and relational databases); - Use data modeling tools to describe and implement a database; - Create queries in a query language and data manipulation. The second part of the course deals with spatial analysis methods and georeferenced information representation techniques. In particular, you will learn how to: - Analyze the spatial properties of discrete variables, for example by quantifying spatial autocorrelation; - Work with continuous variables (sampling, interpolation and construction of isolines) - Use digital elevation models (DEMs) and their derivatives (slope, orientation, etc.); - Use geodata superposition techniques; - Produce cartographic documents according to the rules of the semiology of graphics; - Explore other forms of spatial representation (interactive cartography on the internet, 3D representations, and augmented reality). The page https://www.facebook.com/moocsig provides an interactive forum for participants in this course.
