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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/genetics-evolution
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课程名称：遗传学与进化简介 课程概述： 《遗传学与进化简介》是一门在杜克大学为新生提供的大学水平课程，旨在为对此领域感兴趣的人提供生物学基本原理的概述。本课程探讨最新的“基因组测序”、可以通过DNA了解祖先信息或疾病易感性的商业工具，以及有关进化真相的辩论，动物行为的原因，以及人类如何发现自然选择的“遗传证据”。本课程将帮助学生更好地理解这些问题，并澄清一些误解，为今后更为深入的生物学（尤其是进化遗传学）课程做准备。不需要先修课程。 课程大纲： 1. 欢迎来到遗传学与进化：这部分是MOOC的总体介绍，包括内容和预期。 2. 进化的证据：讨论“进化”的生物学意义、进化的真相和物种共同祖先的证据，以及公众对生物进化的看法和误解。此部分为选修，不计入课程评估。 3. 遗传学 I：基础的遗传学和遗传传递的介绍，内容通常涵盖美国高中生物课程。 4. 遗传学 II：深入探讨遗传学，特别是“重组”的概念，讨论经典遗传学研究及通过杂交或自然种群数据映射简单遗传特征。 5. 遗传学 III：更深入地研究特征的遗传学复杂性、遗传变异的起源以及如何研究“复杂”特征（由多个基因控制的特征）。 6. 遗传率与种群增长：通过研究遗传和环境对特征的相对贡献，开始过渡到进化遗传学，并介绍种群增长的研究方法。 7. 种群遗传学 I：讨论如何从自然种群的多个个体中进行遗传学研究，以理解影响种群的进化力量。 8. 种群遗传学 II：专门研究自然选择和遗传漂变对自然种群遗传变异的影响。 9. 分子进化：解释为什么性繁殖（涉及重组）在进化上具有优势，并讨论如何通过DNA序列分析来理解影响种群或物种的进化力量。 10. 适应性行为与性选择：转向动物行为领域，研究特定行为如何或可能是适应性的，以及个体为何选择特定的伴侣。 11. 物种形成与系统发育：深入探讨新物种形成的原因，以及如何推断物种之间的进化关系。 12. 应用进化：讨论本课程中许多概念在人体健康、理解和福祉上的应用及误用，此部分为选修，不计入课程评估。
Name:Welcome to Genetics and Evolution
Description:General introduction to this MOOC, including coverage and expectations.
Name:Evidence for Evolution
Description:This module discusses the definition of the word "evolution" in a biological context, evidence for the truth of evolution and common ancestry of species, and public thoughts and misconceptions about biological evolution. This module is optional and will not be included in the course assessments. There are not class discussion forums for this section, as we feel such discussion can happen on other, non-course-related, sites on this topic (of which there are a great many on the internet).
Name:Genetics I
Description:An introduction to basic transmission genetics and inheritance. This module reflects what is often covered in high school biology courses in the USA.
Name:Genetics II
Description:This module delves somewhat more deeply into genetics and specifically the concept of "recombination." It begins to discuss how recombination is leveraged in classic genetic works as well as mapping simple genetic traits using crosses or data from natural populations.
Name:Genetics III
Description:This module delves even more deeply into the complexities of the genetics underlying traits,the origin of genetic variation, and how "complex" traits (ones controlled by multiple genes) are studied genetically.
Name:Heritability and Population Growth
Description:This module begins the transition to evolutionary genetics by looking at the relative contributions of genetics and environment to traits, and also introduces how population growth is studied.
Name:Population Genetics I
Description:Rather than looking at individuals, this module discusses how multiple individuals from natural populations can be studied genetically to begin to understand the evolutionary forces acting upon the populations.
Name:Population Genetics II
Description:This module extends the previous one to specifically examine the effects of natural selection and genetic drift on genetic variation in natural populations.
Name:Molecular Evolution
Description:This advanced module explains why sexual reproduction (involving recombination) is evolutionarily advantageous, and discusses how the analysis of DNA sequences can be used to understand the evolutionary forces acting on populations or species, either in general or at specific genes.
Name: Adaptive Behaviors and Sexual Selection
Description:This module changes gears a bit to look at the exciting field of animal behavior-- specifically, how particular behaviors are or may be adaptive, and why individuals choose particular others as mates.
Name:Speciation and Phylogenetics
Description:This module gets into the nitty gritty of what causes the formation of new species, and how evolutionary relationships between species are inferred.
Name:Applied Evolution
Description:This final module talks about applications and misapplications of many of the concepts discussed in the course to human health, understanding, and well-being. This module is optional and not included in the assessments.
Introduction to Genetics and Evolution is a college-level class being offered simultaneously to new students at Duke University. The course gives interested people a very basic overview of some principles behind these very fundamental areas of biology. We often hear about new "genome sequences," commercial kits that can tell you about your ancestry (including pre-human) from your DNA or disease predispositions, debates about the truth of evolution, why animals behave the way they do, and how people found "genetic evidence for natural selection." This course provides the basic biology you need to understand all of these issues better, tries to clarify some misconceptions, and tries to prepare students for future, more advanced coursework in Biology (and especially evolutionary genetics). No prior coursework is assumed.
