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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/game-theory-introduction
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课程名称：欢迎进入博弈论 概述：本课程简要介绍博弈论，旨在理解博弈论中的关键概念，如均衡、理性和合作等背后的基本思想。课程内容数学运用极少，适合寻求博弈论概念性介绍的学员。商业竞争、政治运动以及生物的生存斗争等均可视为一种“游戏”，个人在其中努力与他人竞争。博弈论提供了一种通用框架，以描述和分析个人在这种“战略”情况下的行为。 本课程聚焦博弈论的关键概念，试图概述那些常常被数学定义掩盖的非正式基本思想。博弈论已应用于经济学、政治学、心理学、社会学、生物学和计算机科学等多个学科。因此，我们热烈欢迎各个领域对博弈论感兴趣的观众。 课程大纲： 1. **为什么我们需要博弈论，它告诉我们什么？** - 描述：第一模块探讨能否通过统一框架分析各种社会和经济问题。我们将看到理性决策的概念虽有用，但并不足以提供治理原则。该模块还提供动机示例和博弈论历史，学员将参与简单的纸牌游戏，体验战略决策。 2. **理解纳什均衡** - 描述：博弈论的基本解概念是纳什均衡。在第二模块中，我们通过各种示例理解这一中心概念，并提出关键问题：玩家如何达到纳什均衡？ 3. **博弈中的理性、知识与进化** - 描述：第三模块深入探讨理性与纳什均衡之间的关系。我们将考虑玩家可用智力能力的整个范围，从复杂推理的无限能力到绝对零智力。最终，您将看到在相当广泛的智力能力范围内，纳什均衡可以出现。 4. **维持合作** - 描述：最后一个模块致力于博弈论最重要且普遍的信息：理性行为往往导致社会上不理想的结果。我们将首先尝试理解这一基本原因，然后看看博弈论的这一洞察如何对自然和社会科学产生深远影响，最后学习克服这一问题的一般方法。
Name:Why Do We Need Game Theory, and What Does it Tell Us?
Description:Is it possible to analyze a wide variety of social and economic problems using a unified framework? In the first module, we address this question. We will see that the concept of rational decision making is useful, but it is not quite sufficient to provide governing principles. Motivated examples and some history of game theory will be provided. You will also be asked to play a simple card game to see how it feels to make your decisions strategically.
Name:Understanding Nash equilibrium
Description:The basic solution concept of game theory is Nash equilibrium. In Module 2, we try to understand this central concept through various examples and ask the following crucial question: how do players come to play a Nash equilibrium?
Name:Rationality, Knowledge, and Evolution in Games
Description:In Module 3, we will dig deeper into the relationship between rationality and Nash equilibrium. We will consider the whole spectrum of possible intellectual capacities of players, spanning the range from unlimited ability for sophisticated reasoning to absolute zero intelligence. In the end, you will see that Nash equilibrium can emerge under a fairly wide range of intellectual capacities of players.
Name:Sustaining Cooperation
Description:The final module is devoted to the most important and most general message of game theory: rational behavior quite often leads to a socially undesirable outcome. We will first try to understand the basic reason for this, and then see how this insight of game theory has made fundamental impacts in the natural and social sciences. Finally, we will learn some general methods to overcome this problem.
This course provides a brief introduction to game theory. Our main goal is to understand the basic ideas behind the key concepts in game theory, such as equilibrium, rationality, and cooperation. The course uses very little mathematics, and it is ideal for those who are looking for a conceptual introduction to game theory. Business competition, political campaigns, the struggle for existence by animals and plants, and so on, can all be regarded as a kind of “game,” in which individuals try to do their best against others. Game theory provides a general framework to describe and analyze how individuals behave in such “strategic” situations. This course focuses on the key concepts in game theory, and attempts to outline the informal basic ideas that are often hidden behind mathematical definitions. Game theory has been applied to a number of disciplines, including economics, political science, psychology, sociology, biology, and computer science. Therefore, a warm welcome is extended to audiences from all fields who are interested in what game theory is all about.
