|
所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/epistemology
课程评论：没有评论
课程名称：《追寻真理的认识论探索：认识论入门》 课程概述：互联网和社交媒体的出现，极大地改变了我们的信息获取方式。我们生活在一个“真理衰退”的时代：观点与事实之间的界限变得模糊，观点的影响力超过了事实，而事实信息的来源也越来越不被信任。哲学家们热爱真理，因此对这一趋势深感忧虑。那么，他们能做些什么呢？ 在本课程中，您将被邀请思考，在什么意义上以及在多大程度上，2500年来的认识论是否能应对这些问题。 课程大纲： 1. **知识理论** 课程简介：从认识论的角度来看，现实超出了哲学的想象。该模块涉及一些紧迫的现实世界认识论问题，触及分析性和规范性认识论中的基础问题，并结构化本MOOC。 2. **知识的分析** 课程简介：自柏拉图以来，哲学家们一直在思考知识的本质。“信念”是必要的，但不足够。“真实信念”也是必要的，但仍然不足，因为它无法排除认知运气。正如盖蒂尔所示，即便是“有根据的真实信念”也无法排除所有可能的认知运气。那么，我们应该如何分析知识呢？ 3. **知识的可能性** 课程简介：知识是否可获得？知识是否在人的可及范围内？我们是否应该能够排除所有的替代方案以便了解某件事情？或者，“足够就好；这并不意味着一切”是否适用？如果是这样，这又如何证明知识的可能性？ 4. **知识的结构** 课程简介：知识是一座建在牢固基础上的金字塔吗？还是一个漂浮在海上的木筏，结构松散、随时可能漂移？又或者，它是一道填字游戏，不仅通过理解线索来解答，更需要与其他词语有机结合？ 5. **知识的种类** 课程简介：某些生成信念的方法，例如猜测或心怀幻想，是不可靠的，往往产生虚假的信念。相比之下，其他生成信念的方法，例如感知，是可靠的；它们产生的真实信念通常多于虚假信念。在本模块中，我们将思考，是否可靠性就足以使某个信念得到证成。 6. **知识的价值** 课程简介：知识能够帮助解决问题。然而，哲学知识，尤其是认识论知识在实际问题（例如真理衰退）的解决中能发挥什么作用？最终模块讨论了认识论的启发式和概念功能，以及“背景”在这个问题中的关键重要性。
Name:The theory of knowledge
Description:As far as epistemology or theory of knowledge is concerned, reality outruns the philosophical imagination. The introductory module refers to some pressing, real world epistemological problems, touches on the underlying questions in analytic, normative epistemology, and structures the MOOC.
Name:The analysis of knowledge
Description:Ever since Plato, philosophers have wondered what knowledge is. 'Belief' is necessary, but it's not sufficient. 'True belief' is necessary, but insufficient as well, because it doesn't rule out epistemic luck. But as Gettier demonstrated, even 'justified true belief' doesn't rule out all conceivable cases of epistemic luck. So how should we analyze knowledge?
Name:The possibility of knowledge
Description:Is knowledge attainable in the first place? Is knowledge within human reach? Shouldn't we be able to rule out all alternatives to know something? Or does 'enough is enough; it doesn't mean everything' apply? And if so, how does it warrant the possibility of knowledge?
Name:The structure of knowledge
Description:Is knowledge a pyramid, built on a large, solid foundation? Or rather a raft, with beams of wood that more or less hang together but can get adrift at sea? Or still, is it a crossword puzzle, which is not only solved by interpreting clues, but also by fitting coherently with the other words?
Name:The kinds of knowledge
Description:Some methods to produce beliefs, such as guessing or wishful thinking, are unreliable; more often than not, they produce false beliefs. By contrast, other methods to produce beliefs, such as perception, are reliable; they produce more true beliefs than false ones. In this module, we'll wonder whether being reliable produced in this sense suffices for a belief to be justified.
Name:The value of knowledge
Description:Knowledge can help to solve problems. But what role can philosophical knowledge, and more specifically epistemological knowledge, play in solving real world problems, like, e.g., truth decay? This final module discusses the heuristic and conceptual functions of epistemology, and the pivotal importance of 'contexts' in that respect.
The introduction of the internet and of social media has drastically changed our information position. We live in a time of ‘truth decay’: the distinction between opinions and facts is blurred, opinions have more impact than facts, and sources of factual information are increasingly distrusted. Since philosophers love truth, they deplore these tendencies. But what can they do about them? In this course, you will be invited to reflect on whether, in what sense and to what extent, 2500 years of no
