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所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/disaster-preparedness
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课程名称：灾难准备 课程概述：您是否曾经看到有关严重自然灾害后果的新闻报道？对于人类生命和财产的损失令人心痛，且难以估量。全世界各地都有可能发生洪水、飓风、龙卷风、火灾、滑坡、地震、海啸等自然现象。如果灾难真的降临，您准备好了吗？本课程将帮助您做好准备！ 此课程适合任何积极主动发展灾难应对和生存规划核心能力的学习者。对于希望确保自己及家人在自然灾害中保护安全，以及保障财产和个人物品安全的人来说，这门课程尤其有用。此外，它还提供对各种紧急情况和不便的必要准备，即使您不生活在主要的龙卷风、洪水、飓风、海啸或地震区。您能否在没有饮用水、电力、燃料和银行设施的情况下应对？如果您对自己在这些可能情境中的反应能力感到不确定，那么这门课程就是为您准备的！ 在课程中，您将学习灾难周期，特别是减灾和恢复阶段，并为在没有常用设施（如食物和水、庇护所和通讯）的情况下进行生存制定详细的个人准备计划。您还将获得保持积极心态的实用策略，这将帮助您在灾难中保持冷静、避免恐慌，并在危急状况下调动内外资源。尽管极端情况下死亡可能是不可避免的结果，但保持平衡的心态可以为所有相关方带来安慰。最后，课程还将讨论机构和政府如何在灾难中提供帮助。 课程大纲包括： 1. **介绍与灾难周期**：了解灾难的不同定义，及其各个阶段的重要性。 2. **个人准备基础**：探讨在灾难发生时如何进行生存准备，包括食物、庇护所、水和照明的处理。 3. **个人准备安全**：关注灾后安全，如安全计划的制定和急救知识。 4. **态度与意识**：强调积极心态和环境意识对灾难应对的影响。 5. **国际视角**：通过特邀嘉宾了解日本在灾难准备方面的经验及文化影响。 6. **支持与医疗考虑**：探讨灾难管理中的分诊过程和更大群体的准备工作。 7. **野外生存**：如果您在自然栖息地中被迫生存，您将学到基本的生存技能，如生火、净水和建造临时庇护所的技巧。 如果您对这一主题感兴趣，您可能也会对匹兹堡大学护理学院的其他在线项目感兴趣，详细信息请访问他们的网站：http://www.online.pitt.edu/programs/school-of-nursing/
Name:Introduction & Disaster Cycle
Description:A disaster can be defined in several ways, but in all cases is a destructive event that overwhelms all available resources. A disaster may originate as natural or manmade and may be intentional or accidental. A natural disaster is caused by the forces of nature such as a hurricane, tornado, or earthquake. A manmade disaster may be the result of a terrorist act or industrial accident. Depending on the scope of the disaster, the available resources may be local, state, federal, or multinational. In this module, I will introduce the phases of the disaster cycle. The disaster cycle is a process that we constantly review and strive to improve for the future. It is important for you to understand each phase because clear expectations will enable you to develop an effective plan to keep you and your family safe. At the end of the module, be sure to complete the quiz.
Name:Personal Preparedness Basics
Description:There are a few extreme circumstances such as a 30 foot wall of water during a tsunami or a 10-point Richter scale earthquake that are so severe it is impossible to prepare for the disaster. However, in most cases people can take a few steps to ensure their survivability during a disaster. Personal preparedness involves being both physically and mentally prepared to meet basic needs for at least three days without outside help. Last module, we talked about the disaster cycle including mitigation, response, and recovery. In this module, our focus centers on the response phase. The disaster has hit and you are taking steps to survive and to be as safe and comfortable as possible. In the lectures, I will focus on food, shelter, water, and light in a disaster situation. In addition, we have on-site instructional videos that highlight survival skills such as fire-building and water purification. Do we have any campers in the class? For those of you who are campers, these skills will be a familiar review of basic wilderness survival techniques. The lectures will also give you ideas of supplies that you might want to include in your disaster kit. Take notes during the lectures to prepare for the discussion and quiz.
Name:Personal Preparedness Safety
Description:As we have discussed, disasters significantly overwhelm community resources and it is critical that you have a plan. In the last module, we considered the basics of food, shelter, and water in your personal preparedness plan. In this module, we move on to the topics of security, first aid, and tools. Safety is a major concern for you and your family in post-disaster situations. Use common precautions such as drinking plenty of water, wearing protective gloves and shoes, washing your hands often, and avoiding exhaustion. Depending on the situation, you may have to deal with washed out roads, broken glass, contaminated water, downed power lines, or serious gas leaks.
Name:Attitudes and Awareness
Description:Disasters are understandably stressful situations that trigger panic, fear, confusion, and uncertainty. During a disaster, you lose control of many aspects of your life. Your family may not be together. You may not be able to access food, water, shelter, transportation, or communication. Since we do not have control of many variables, there is no point in worrying about possible disasters; however, having a clear, detailed plan in place will lessen anxiety and strengthen our ability to make timely, rational decisions if a disaster occurs. Disaster planning takes us “back to basics” and what is most important to our survival. A positive attitude and heightened awareness will help you cope with an emergency situation. In this module's lesson, we focus on attitude and awareness, discuss an awareness-building activity, and submit your disaster preparedness plans. In the next module, you will peer-review the plans and provide feedback to you classmates.
Name:International Perspectives
Description:In this module, we welcome guest speaker Dr. Kenichi Ogura who will discuss disaster planning in Japan. Dr. Ogura works at the Center for Emergency Medicine in Kanazawa Medical University Hospital. I am confident you will find Dr. Ogura’s presentation very helpful as the Japanese culture plans for disaster preparedness based on extensive research in earthquake and tsunami science. They have spent a great deal of money developing early warning systems and constructing buildings based on strict safety codes. Be sure to read the Time magazine article prior to viewing Dr. Ogura’s presentation. In addition, we will compare and contrast the emergency resources available in your countries. These resources will help you to recognize the role that culture plays in disaster planning. Note that you are also required to review three Personal Disaster Preparedness Plans from other students and provide feedback to them.
Name:Support and Medical Considerations
Description:During Module 6, we will explore triage as a necessary but difficult task during disaster management. Triage is using the available resources to effectively treat the maximum number of patients with the greatest chance of survival. The process requires the clinician to quickly prioritize patients’ treatment plans based on the severity of their conditions. Triage is part of everyday life in a hospital setting, but all patients ultimately receive the treatment that they need. During a disaster, the goal is to ensure that best positive outcome for the most victims.In addition, we will consider disaster preparedness on a larger scale. Perhaps you are responsible for a group of people beyond yourself or your immediate family. You might be responsible for children in a day care setting, employees in a business, customers in a store, or even pets in a kennel. What are the major issues to consider? What supplies and equipment do you need to have available? The activity for this module involves reviewing the feedback you received from your peers and revising your Personal Disaster Preparedness Plan. The discussion focuses on an ethical dilemma that occurred at Memorial Hospital in New Orleans during the Katrina hurricane (2009). Lastly, double-check that you have completed all of the quizzes.
Name:Wilderness Survival
Description:In the last module we talked about how disasters can displace you and your family from the comforts of your home, leaving you without food, water, and electricity. However, if you were left without shelter, or forced to take refuge in the natural habitat, are you equipped to survive? In this module we will review a set of wilderness survival techniques commonly known to many campers. Topics will include basic fire-building, water purification, constructing temporary shelters, and practical knives that can assist.
Have you ever viewed a news report depicting the aftermath of a devastating natural disaster? The damage to human life and property are both staggering and heartbreaking. All parts of the world face the possibility of floods, hurricanes, tornados, fires, landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural phenomena. Are you prepared if disaster would strike you? This course will help you prepare! The course is appropriate for any learner who is proactive about developing the core competencies of disaster readiness and survival planning. It is especially useful if you are seeking techniques that can ensure your personal protection, as well as the safety of your family, property, and belongings, during a natural disaster. In addition, it offers essential preparation for a variety of emergency situations and inconveniences, even if you do not live in major tornado, flood, hurricane, tsunami, or earthquake zone. For instance, could you and your loved ones manage without access to potable water, electricity, fuel, and banking facilities? If you are unsure of your ability to respond in any of these possible scenarios, this course is for you! Throughout the course, you will be introduced to the Disaster Cycle, specifically the Mitigation and Recovery phases, and will create an extensive personal preparedness plan for survival in the absence of common amenities, such as food and water, shelter, and communication. You will also acquire practical, easy-to-apply strategies for maintaining a healthy attitude during disaster which can allow you to remain calm, avoid panic, and draw upon inner and outer resources in dire circumstances. Although death may be an inevitable outcome of extreme circumstances, a balanced outlook can provide comfort for all parties involved. Finally, issues of how institutions and governments can aid in disaster are also discussed. If you are interested in this topic you may be interested in other online programs at the University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing. Learn more about those programs by visiting our website: http://www.online.pitt.edu/programs/school-of-nursing/
