|
所在平台: Coursera |
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/learn/deductive-reasoning
课程评论：没有评论
课程名称：《再次思考 II：如何进行演绎推理》 课程概述： 该课程专注于演绎论证，探讨如何确保前提能够保证结论的真实性。学习者将掌握如何使用真值表和维恩图表来表述论证中的信息，从而判断论证是否具有演绎有效性。 推荐阅读： 建议希望深入了解主题或进行额外练习的学生阅读沃尔特·辛诺特-阿姆斯特朗和罗伯特·福根林合著的《理解论证：非正式逻辑导论（第九版，简明版）》中的第6和第7章。 课程格式： 每周将分为多个视频片段，学生可以单独或分组观看。每个片段后会有短小的未评分测验以检查理解，课程结束时会有一个较长的评分测验。 课程大纲： 1. 欢迎课程 - 介绍课程内容和系列的重要性，解答演绎有效性和归纳无效之间的区别。 2. 命题逻辑与真值表 - 讲解“与”、“或”、“如果”、“不”等短语如何影响演绎论证的有效性，并介绍真值表的使用，建议在betapuzzle.sonjara.com上进行练习。 3. 类别逻辑与三段论 - 学习“所有”、“一些”、“没有”等短语的功能，使用维恩图来判断演绎论证的有效性，建议在http://philgames-neta.apps.unc.edu上进行练习。 4. 信息的表示 - 教授如何利用真值表和维恩图来表示信息，强调信息在推理中的重要性。 5. 补课与最终测验 - 给学生时间复习上一模块的内容，并允许多次尝试最终测验，以便更好地理解和记忆相关知识。 本课程鼓励持续学习和实践，让学生能够在批判性思维方面取得进步。
Name:Welcome to the Course
Description:Welcome to Think Again: How to Reason Deductively! This course is the second in the specialization Introduction to Logic and Critical Thinking, based on our original Coursera course titled Think Again: How to Reason and Argue. We are excited that you are taking this course, and we hope that you will stick around for all four courses in the series, because there is a great deal of important material to learn.In the series as a whole, you will learn how to evaluate deductive arguments. What is it for a deductive to be “valid”? And how can you tell the difference between deductive arguments that are valid and those that aren’t? In this course, we will answer these questions. The first part of this course introduces the series and the course. It also clarifies some peculiarities you may find with this course. We encourage you to watch the "Introduction to the Specialization" video first as it will help you learn more from the materials that come later.
Name:Propositional Logic and Truth Tables
Description:This module we will teach you how such phrases as “and”, “or”, “if”, and “not” can work to guarantee the validity or invalidity of the deductive arguments in which they occur. It will also teach you to understand the functioning of these phrases using a device called a “truth-table”, which shows how the truth or falsity of propositions that use these phrases depends upon the truth or falsity of the propositions contained within it. We highly recommend that you practice the skills that you will learn in this module by doing the puzzles at betapuzzle.sonjara.com. If you want more examples or more detailed discussions of these topics, we recommend Understanding Arguments, Ninth Edition, Chapter 6.
Name:Categorical Logic and Syllogisms
Description:This module will teach you how such phrases as “all”, “some”, and “none” can work to guarantee the validity or invalidity of the deductive arguments in which they occur. It will also teach you to understand the functioning of these phrases using a device called a “Venn Diagram”, which shows how the truth or falsity of propositions that use these phrases depends upon the truth or falsity of other propositions that use these phrases. We highly recommend that you practice the skills that you will learn in this module by doing the puzzles at http://philgames-neta.apps.unc.edu. If you want more examples or more detailed discussions of these topics, we recommend Understanding Arguments, Ninth Edition, Chapter 7.
Name:Representing Information
Description:In this module, we will teach you how to use the tools that you’ve learned about in the preceding modules in order to represent information. Information can be communicated in very different ways – by means of different languages or signaling systems – but no matter how that information is communicated, it can be important to use that information in reasoning. In this module, you will learn how to reason from information that is communicated directly by means of truth-tables or Venn Diagrams.
Name:Catch-Up and Final Quiz
Description:This module gives you time to catch up and review, because we realize that the previous modules include a great deal of challenging material. It will also be provide enough time to take the final quiz as often as you want, with different questions each time. We explain the answers in each exam so that you can learn more and do better when you try the exam again. You may take the quiz as many times as you want in order to learn more and do better, with different questions each time. You will be able to retake the quiz three times every eight hours. You might not need to take more than one version of the exam if you do well enough on your first try. That is up to you. However many versions you take, we hope that all of the exams will provide additional learning experiences.
Deductive arguments are supposed to be valid in the sense that the premises guarantee that the conclusion is true. In this course, you will learn how to use truth-tables and Venn diagrams to represent the information contained in the premises and conclusion of an argument so that you can determine whether or not the argument is deductively valid. Suggested Readings: Students who want more detailed explanations or additional exercises or who want to explore these topics in more depth should consult Understanding Arguments: An Introduction to Informal Logic, Ninth Edition, Concise, Chapters 6 and 7 by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and Robert Fogelin. Course Format: Each week will be divided into multiple video segments that can be viewed separately or in groups. There will be short ungraded quizzes after each segment (to check comprehension) and a longer graded quiz at the end of the course.
