Community Change in Public Health
开始时间: 04/22/2022
持续时间: 6 weeks
课程主页: https://www.coursera.org/course/communitychange
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课程详情
In bringing about behavior change in public health, we often focus on
the individual mother, student, or farmer. We should not forget the community
structure and norms constrain for encouraging individual health behaviors.
This course examines the community context of the changes needed to promote
the public’s health. We begin by examining the various definitions of ‘community’
and the processes by which we ‘diagnose’ or seek to understand the structure
and characteristics of different types of communities. An appreciation
of community similarities and differences is necessary lest we fall into
the trap of designing one-size-fits-all interventions. We need to recognize
that no matter that outsiders may view a community as poor or neglected,
we can find strengths and capacities for improvement in each community.
Identifying community capacities and resources is the first step in facilitating
community change. Different practical and philosophical approaches to change
and therefore, examined. Specific to the change process is our recognition
of the need for communities to participate in the design, implementation
and evaluation of any intervention. We examine the concept of participation
in an effort to see how different levels of involvement may affect sustainability
of community change efforts. Finally a case study of a community participatory
approach to onchocerciasis control in Africa is presented. Community Directed
Intervention has subsequently been successfully applied to providing other
essential primary health care services by and in the community, such as
insecticide treated bednets, malaria treatment, vitamin A distribution,
deworming medicines, and pneumonia and diarrhea case management.
课程大纲
After listening to, viewing, and studying the course materials, you will:
- Provide a definition of community
- Identify community components, characteristics, and typologies
- Outline and explain the components of a community diagnosis
- Explain the concept of perceived community/collective efficacy
- Outline and describe the community competency model
- Explain Rothman's model of community change
- Note relationships of Rothman's model to other change models
- Describe the levels of the political economy model
- Give examples of a political economy interpretation to health problems
- Define the concept of community coalitions
- Identify the role of community participation in the Alma Ata Declaration
- Provide examples of the effect of participation on program outcomes
- Describe how coalitions can address urban health problems
- Describe the levels of participation along a continuum
- Distinguish between community-based and community-controlled programming
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